ailahtaa

Finnish

Etymology

Possibly Proto-Finnic *ailas +‎ -taa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑi̯lɑhtɑːˣ/, [ˈɑ̝i̯lɑ̝xt̪ɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -ɑilɑhtɑː
• Hyphenation^(key): ai‧lah‧taa

Verb

ailahtaa

1. (intransitive, of mental mood, emotions) To find expression suddenly/rapidly, be expressed/manifested.

   Pieni ilon välähdys ailahti hänen silmissään.

   A slight flash of joy found expression on his/her face.

2. (intransitive, of mental mood, emotions) To change suddenly or rapidly.

Usage notes

• When expressing rapid mood changes, the frequentative derivative ailahdella is used much more often than ailahtaa.

Conjugation

Inflection of ailahtaa (Kotus type 53*F/muistaa, t-d gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		ailahdan	en ailahda	1st sing.	olen ailahtanut	en ole ailahtanut
2nd sing.		ailahdat	et ailahda	2nd sing.	olet ailahtanut	et ole ailahtanut
3rd sing.		ailahtaa	ei ailahda	3rd sing.	on ailahtanut	ei ole ailahtanut
1st plur.		ailahdamme	emme ailahda	1st plur.	olemme ailahtaneet	emme ole ailahtaneet
2nd plur.		ailahdatte	ette ailahda	2nd plur.	olette ailahtaneet	ette ole ailahtaneet
3rd plur.		ailahtavat	eivät ailahda	3rd plur.	ovat ailahtaneet	eivät ole ailahtaneet
passive		ailahdetaan	ei ailahdeta	passive	on ailahdettu	ei ole ailahdettu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		ailahdin	en ailahtanut	1st sing.	olin ailahtanut	en ollut ailahtanut
2nd sing.		ailahdit	et ailahtanut	2nd sing.	olit ailahtanut	et ollut ailahtanut
3rd sing.		ailahti	ei ailahtanut	3rd sing.	oli ailahtanut	ei ollut ailahtanut
1st plur.		ailahdimme	emme ailahtaneet	1st plur.	olimme ailahtaneet	emme olleet ailahtaneet
2nd plur.		ailahditte	ette ailahtaneet	2nd plur.	olitte ailahtaneet	ette olleet ailahtaneet
3rd plur.		ailahtivat	eivät ailahtaneet	3rd plur.	olivat ailahtaneet	eivät olleet ailahtaneet
passive		ailahdettiin	ei ailahdettu	passive	oli ailahdettu	ei ollut ailahdettu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		ailahtaisin	en ailahtaisi	1st sing.	olisin ailahtanut	en olisi ailahtanut
2nd sing.		ailahtaisit	et ailahtaisi	2nd sing.	olisit ailahtanut	et olisi ailahtanut
3rd sing.		ailahtaisi	ei ailahtaisi	3rd sing.	olisi ailahtanut	ei olisi ailahtanut
1st plur.		ailahtaisimme	emme ailahtaisi	1st plur.	olisimme ailahtaneet	emme olisi ailahtaneet
2nd plur.		ailahtaisitte	ette ailahtaisi	2nd plur.	olisitte ailahtaneet	ette olisi ailahtaneet
3rd plur.		ailahtaisivat	eivät ailahtaisi	3rd plur.	olisivat ailahtaneet	eivät olisi ailahtaneet
passive		ailahdettaisiin	ei ailahdettaisi	passive	olisi ailahdettu	ei olisi ailahdettu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		ailahda	älä ailahda	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		ailahtakoon	älköön ailahtako	3rd sing.	olkoon ailahtanut	älköön olko ailahtanut
1st plur.		ailahtakaamme	älkäämme ailahtako	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		ailahtakaa	älkää ailahtako	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		ailahtakoot	älkööt ailahtako	3rd plur.	olkoot ailahtaneet	älkööt olko ailahtaneet
passive		ailahdettakoon	älköön ailahdettako	passive	olkoon ailahdettu	älköön olko ailahdettu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		ailahtanen	en ailahtane	1st sing.	lienen ailahtanut	en liene ailahtanut
2nd sing.		ailahtanet	et ailahtane	2nd sing.	lienet ailahtanut	et liene ailahtanut
3rd sing.		ailahtanee	ei ailahtane	3rd sing.	lienee ailahtanut	ei liene ailahtanut
1st plur.		ailahtanemme	emme ailahtane	1st plur.	lienemme ailahtaneet	emme liene ailahtaneet
2nd plur.		ailahtanette	ette ailahtane	2nd plur.	lienette ailahtaneet	ette liene ailahtaneet
3rd plur.		ailahtanevat	eivät ailahtane	3rd plur.	lienevät ailahtaneet	eivät liene ailahtaneet
passive		ailahdettaneen	ei ailahdettane	passive	lienee ailahdettu	ei liene ailahdettu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		ailahtaa		present	ailahtava	ailahdettava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st ailahtaakseni ailahtaaksemme 2nd ailahtaaksesi ailahtaaksenne 3rd ailahtaakseen ailahtaaksensa		past	ailahtanut	ailahdettu
2nd	inessive2	ailahtaessa	ailahdettaessa	agent4	ailahtama
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st ailahtaessani ailahtaessamme 2nd ailahtaessasi ailahtaessanne 3rd ailahtaessaan ailahtaessansa		negative	ailahtamaton
	instructive	ailahtaen	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details). 4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms. * The third-person singular indicative form ailahtaa does not exhibit final gemination, unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.
3rd	inessive	ailahtamassa	—
	elative	ailahtamasta	—
	illative	ailahtamaan	—
	adessive	ailahtamalla	—
	abessive	ailahtamatta	—
	instructive	ailahtaman	ailahdettaman
4th3	verbal noun	ailahtaminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st ailahtamaisillani ailahtamaisillamme 2nd ailahtamaisillasi ailahtamaisillanne 3rd ailahtamaisillaan ailahtamaisillansa

Synonyms

• (of mental mood, emotions; to find expression, be expressed/manifested as): ilmetä
• (of mental mood, emotions; to change suddenly or rapidly): ailahdella

Derived terms

nouns

• ailahdus
• ailahtaminen

 

verbs

• ailahdella

 

Further reading

• “ailahtaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02