adais

Old Irish

Etymology

Uncertain. Contains ad-, which disappears in the prototonic forms similarly to ad·ágathar (“to fear”).

Verb

ad·ais (prototonic ·ais)

1. to fear

   Synonym: ad·ágathar

   • c. 760 Blathmac mac Con Brettan, published in "A study of the lexicon of the poems of Blathmac Son of Cú Brettan" (2017; PhD thesis, National University of Ireland Maynooth), edited and with translations by Siobhán Barrett, stanza 267

     Scarfaid – mairg nád·ais a thnú – caírcha gela fri mindu.

     He will separate – woe the one who does not fear his wrath – bright sheep from goats.

2. to hate (especially when contrasted with caraid (“to love”))

   Antonym: caraid

   • c. 700–800 Táin Bó Cúailnge, published in Táin Bó Cúailnge. Recension I (1976, Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Cecile O'Rahilly, TBC-I page 46

     "Cia t'ainm-siu?" olsé. "Nachit aiss, nachit chara — Bude mac Báin," olsé.

     "What's your name?" [Cú Chulainn] said. "One who hates you not, who loves you not, Buide mac Báin," he said.

Inflection

Complex, class B II present

		1st sg	2nd sg	3rd sg	1st pl	2nd pl	3rd pl	passive sg	passive pl
present indicative	deut.			ad·ais			ad·aiset
	prot.			·ais
imperfect indicative	deut.
	prot.
preterite	deut.
	prot.
perfect	deut.
	prot.
future	deut.
	prot.
conditional	deut.
	prot.
present subjunctive	deut.
	prot.
past subjunctive	deut.
	prot.
imperative
verbal noun
past participle
verbal of necessity

Mutation

Mutation of adais

radical	lenition	nasalization
ad·ais (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	unchanged	ad·n-ais

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “adais”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language