adaig

Old Irish

Etymology 1

From earlier *adekʷī or *adekī, of unknown origin. Similar to Proto-Brythonic *exuɨð (“evening”), whose etymology is equally obscure.

Possibly cognate with Latin āter (“dark”) or Sanskrit अन्ध (andha, “blind”), though these comparisons are also difficult.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈaðəɣʲ/

Noun

adaig f (genitive aidche or aithche, nominative plural aidchi or aithgi)

1. night

For quotations using this term, see Citations:adaig.

Declension

Feminine ī-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	adaigL	adaigL	aidchiH, aithchi
Vocative	adaigL	adaigL	aidchiH, aithchi
Accusative	aidchiN, aithchi	adaigL	aidchiH, aithchi
Genitive	aidcheH, aithche	aidcheL, aithche	aidcheN
Dative	aidchiL, aithchi, adaig	aidchib, aithchib	aidchib, aithchib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Middle Irish: adaig, aidche, oidche
  • Irish: oíche, adhaigh
  • Manx: oie
  • Scottish Gaelic: oidhche

Mutation

Mutation of adaig

radical	lenition	nasalization
adaig (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	unchanged	n-adaig

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 adaig”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Etymology 2

From ad- +‎ aigid.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aðˈaɣʲ/

Verb

ad·aig

1. to drive, impel

For quotations using this term, see Citations:adaig.

Conjugation

Complex, class B I present, t preterite, a future, a subjunctive

		1st sg.	2nd sg.	3rd sg.	1st pl.	2nd pl.	3rd pl.	Passive sg.	Passive pl.
Present indicative	Deut.			ad·aig, ad·aich; atom·aig (with infixed pronoun dom-); attot·aig (with infixed pronoun dot-); atann·aig[n]i (with infixed pronoun dan- and emphatic enclitic -ni); atob·aich, atob·aig (with infixed pronoun dob-)			ad·agat	ad·agar	ad·agatar
	Prot.
Imperfect indicative	Deut.						ad·aigtis
	Prot.
Preterite	Deut.			ad·acht			ad·achtatar	ad·acht	ad·achta
	Prot.
Perfect	Deut.
	Prot.
Future	Deut.			ad·ebla
	Prot.
Conditional	Deut.
	Prot.
Present subjunctive	Deut.
	Prot.
Past subjunctive	Deut.			ad·agad
	Prot.
Imperative			ad·aig
Verbal noun
Past participle
Verbal of necessity

This verb has no prototonic forms or verbal noun of its own; those of aigid are used instead.

Mutation

Mutation of adaig

radical	lenition	nasalization
ad·aig (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	unchanged	ad·n-aig

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ad·aig”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language