User:Victar/Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/Hángwr̥

This entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

Unknown. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enk- (“to bend”)^[1], or *h₂enǵʰ- (“to compress, squeeze”). <-- unexplained /ǵ/

Noun

*Hángwr̥ n^[2]^[1]^[3]^[4]

extract, resin, sap

Derived terms

*Hangubara-
- Persian: انگبار (angubār, “type of plant”)
  - → Arabic: أنجبار (anjibār, “snake-weed”)
    - Andalusian Arabic: لنجبار (l-ənjbaṛ, “maize”)
*Hangubáynah (“honey”, literally “bee extract”)
*HangudráH (“grape”, literally “something extracted?”)^[1] (< *-dʰHráH < PIE *-dʰh₁réh₂)
- Khwarezmian: [script needed] (ʾnkyδ), [script needed] (ʾngyδ)
- Parmir:
  - Munji-Yidgha: *aŋguẟrå^[5]
    - Munji: [script needed] (aglero) (< *agelro)
    - Yidgha: [script needed] (agıdro)
  - Shughni: [script needed] (angūrẟ)
- Persian: انگردء (angurda, “grape, berry”) (dialectal)
*Hanguǰatu (“asafoetida”)

Descendants

Khotanese: [script needed] (güra-, “grapes”, pl.)
- → Tibetan: [script needed] (rgun)

Sid. I2r2 guru, BS mrdvikd,

Kurdish: hang
Parthian:
Inscriptional Parthian script: [script needed] (‘NBYN /⁠angūr⁠/, “resin”)
Pashto: انجه (anja, “asafoetida”)
Middle Persian:
Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ANBE), [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾngwl /⁠angūr⁠/, “grape”)
- Persian: انگور (angur), انگیر (angir, “grape, raisin”) (see there for further descendants)
→ Sanskrit: हिङ्गु (hiṅgu, “asafoetida”)^[6] (see there for further descendants)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–) “*anga-, *angu-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 166
^ Bailey, H. W. (1979) Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page 1b
^ Tremblay, Xavier (2005) “Irano-Tocharica et Tocharo-Iranica”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies‎^[1], volume 68, number 3, page 438
^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “aṅkwaṣ(t)”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 7
^ (1938) Morgenstierne, Iranian Pamir Language
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001) “hiṅgu-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 538

[ESIJa-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–) “*anga-, *angu-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 166

[2] Bailey, H. W. (1979) Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page 1b

[Tremblay-3] Tremblay, Xavier (2005) “Irano-Tocharica et Tocharo-Iranica”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies‎^[1], volume 68, number 3, page 438

[Adams-4] Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “aṅkwaṣ(t)”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 7

[5] (1938) Morgenstierne, Iranian Pamir Language

[6] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001) “hiṅgu-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 538

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