हिङ्गु
Sanskrit
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Proto-Iranian *Hángwr̥ (“extract, resin”), with an unexpected shift from *a to i, from the derivation *Hanguǰatu of which Iranian terms for asafoetida derive.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- asafoetida (Ferula assa-foetida)
- a kind of liquid made from the roots of asafoetida
Declension
[edit]| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | हिङ्गुः (hiṅguḥ) | हिङ्गू (hiṅgū) | हिङ्गवः (hiṅgavaḥ) |
| vocative | हिङ्गो (hiṅgo) | हिङ्गू (hiṅgū) | हिङ्गवः (hiṅgavaḥ) |
| accusative | हिङ्गुम् (hiṅgum) | हिङ्गू (hiṅgū) | हिङ्गून् (hiṅgūn) |
| instrumental | हिङ्गुना (hiṅgunā) हिङ्ग्वा¹ (hiṅgvā¹) |
हिङ्गुभ्याम् (hiṅgubhyām) | हिङ्गुभिः (hiṅgubhiḥ) |
| dative | हिङ्गवे (hiṅgave) | हिङ्गुभ्याम् (hiṅgubhyām) | हिङ्गुभ्यः (hiṅgubhyaḥ) |
| ablative | हिङ्गोः (hiṅgoḥ) | हिङ्गुभ्याम् (hiṅgubhyām) | हिङ्गुभ्यः (hiṅgubhyaḥ) |
| genitive | हिङ्गोः (hiṅgoḥ) | हिङ्ग्वोः (hiṅgvoḥ) | हिङ्गूनाम् (hiṅgūnām) |
| locative | हिङ्गौ (hiṅgau) | हिङ्ग्वोः (hiṅgvoḥ) | हिङ्गुषु (hiṅguṣu) |
- ¹Vedic
Descendants
[edit]- → Balinese: ᬳᬶᬂᬕᬸ
- Dardic:
- Kashmiri: یَنٛگہٕ (yangụ)
- → Middle Chinese: 形虞 (MC heng ngju)
- Mandarin: 形虞 (xíngyú)
- → Middle Chinese: 興蕖 (MC xing gjo)
- Pali: hiṅgu
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀳𑀺𑀁𑀕𑀼 (hiṃgu)
- Marathi: हिंग (hiṅga)
- → Burmese: ရှိန်းခို (hrin:hkui)
- → Jingpho: hkying hku
- → Shan: သိင်းၶူဝ်ႇ (síng khò)
- Lepcha: ᰝᰬᰵ (heng)
- Odia: ହଂଗ୍ (haṅg), ହିଙ୍ଗୁ (hiṅgu)
- → Kannada: ಇಂಗು (iṅgu)
- → Tamil: இங்கு (iṅku)
Borrowed terms
[edit]Terms borrowed from हिङ्गु (hiṅgu)
- Chinese: 形虞 (xíngyú)
- Shan: သိင်းၶူဝ်ႇ (síng khò)
- Tibetan: ཤིང་ཀུན། (shing kun)
- Proto-Dravidian:
- Nepali: हिङ (hiṅ)
- Persian: هینگ (hing)
- Semnani: [script needed] (xing, “sage”), [script needed] (hīng, “asafoetida”) (Afdari)
- Sogdian:[2]
- Buddhist: [script needed] (ʾynkw /inku/)
- Tajik: (Ferula teterrima)
- Badakhshan: йинг (ying), инг (ing)
- Darvoz: ҳинги бадбуй (hing-i badbuy)
- Wakhi: [script needed] (ying), [script needed] (ing)
References
[edit]- ^ Monier Williams (1899) “हिङ्गु”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1298.
- ^ Gharib, B. (1995) “ʾynkw”, in Sogdian dictionary: Sogdian–Persian–English, Tehran: Farhangan Publications, page 87b