Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/stapul

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *stapulaz.

Noun

*stapul m

1. post, pillar

Inflection

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*stapul
Genitive	*stapulas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*stapul	*stapulō, *stapulōs
Accusative	*stapul	*stapulā
Genitive	*stapulas	*stapulō
Dative	*stapulē	*stapulum
Instrumental	*stapulu	*stapulum

Descendants

• Old English: stapol, stapel
  • Middle English: stapel, stapil, stapile, staple, stapul, stable
    • English: staple
    • Scots: steeple
• Old Frisian: stapul
  • Saterland Frisian: Stoapel
  • West Frisian: steapel
• Old Saxon: stapol
  • Middle Low German: stapel
    • German Low German: Stapel
    • → German: Stapel
    • → Yiddish: שטאַפּל (shtapl)
• Old Dutch: stapul, stapal
  • Middle Dutch: stāpel
    • Dutch: stapel
      • Afrikaans: stapel
• Old High German: staffal, stapfal
  • Middle High German: staffel, stapfel
    • German: Staffel
• → Late Latin: stapula
  • Old French: estaple
    • Anglo-Norman: staple
      • → Middle English: staple, stapel, stapil, stapul
        • English: staple
        • Scots: stapill, staple, steple
    • Middle French: estappe
      • French: étape (see there for further descendants)
    • → Italian: stapula