Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/stain

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *stainaz.

Noun

*stain m

1. stone
2. a unit of mass

Inflection

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*stain
Genitive	*stainas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*stain	*stainō, *stainōs
Accusative	*stain	*stainā
Genitive	*stainas	*stainō
Dative	*stainē	*stainum
Instrumental	*stainu	*stainum

Derived terms

• *hwattjastain
• *saltastain
• *stainijan
• *stainīn

Descendants

• Old English: stān
  • Middle English: ston, stan, stane, stoan, stone, stoon, stoone
    • English: stone (see there for further descendants)
    • Geordie English: styen
    • Scots: stane
    • Yola: sthoan
    • → Anglo-Norman: ston
• Old Frisian: stēn
  • North Frisian:

    Föhr-Amrum: stian

    Goesharde: stiin

    Halligen: stian

    Heligoland: Stean

    Mooring: stiinj

    Sylt: Stiin

    Wiedingharde: stiin

  • Saterland Frisian: Steen
  • West Frisian: stien
• Old Saxon: stēn
  • Middle Low German: stên, stein
    • Low German:
      • German Low German:

        Hamburgisch: Steen

      • Westphalian:

        Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: Stëin

        Lippisch: Steun

        Sauerländisch: Stäin, Stoin, Stǟn, Stain, Steyn

        Westmünsterländisch: Steen

    • Plautdietsch: Steen
• Old Dutch: stēn
  • Middle Dutch: stêen
    • Dutch: steen
      • Afrikaans: steen
        • → Sotho: setene
        • → Southern Ndebele: isitina
        • → Zulu: isitini
          • Fanagalo: stin
      • Berbice Creole Dutch: ten
      • Negerhollands: steen, stin, sten
        • → Virgin Islands Creole: sten (dated)
      • Skepi Creole Dutch: stene, stenna
      • → Papiamentu: stenchi (from the diminutive)
    • Limburgish: stein
• Old High German: stein
  • Middle High German: stein
    • Alemannic German: Steei

      Swabian: Schdoi, Schdoa

    • Bavarian: Staa, Stan, Stoa, Stoan, Stuan
    • Central Franconian: Stään, Steen, Stein

      Hunsrik: Steen, xtayn

      Transylvanian Saxon: Stien

    • German: Stein
    • Luxembourgish: Steen
    • Vilamovian: śtan
    • Yiddish: שטיין (shteyn)