Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/skuldru

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Unknown; perhaps related to *skeldu (“shield”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to split”).

Noun

*skuldru m

1. shoulder

   Synonym: *ahslu, *bōgu

Declension

ō-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*skuldru
Genitive	*skoldrā
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*skuldru	*skoldrō
Accusative	*skoldrā	*skoldrā
Genitive	*skoldrā	*skoldrō
Dative	*skuldrē	*skoldrōm, *skuldrum
Instrumental	*skuldru	*skoldrōm, *skuldrum

Derived terms

• *skuldrublad

Descendants

• Old English: sċuldra, sċuldor, sċuldru
  • Middle English: schuldre, sholder, shulder, schulder, scholder, ssoldre, ssuldre, scholdur, sculdre, schuldyr, sholdre, schuldir
    • English: shoulder
    • Scots: schulder, schoulder, schouldir, schuder
    • Yola: shuller
• Old Frisian: skuldere
  • Saterland Frisian: Schullere, Skullere (<? Low German)
  • West Frisian: skouder
• Old Saxon: *skuldro
  • Middle Low German: scholder
    • Low German: Schuller
    • Plautdietsch: Schulla
    • → Norwegian Bokmål: skulder
    • → Norwegian Nynorsk: skulder
    • → Swedish: skuldra
    • → Danish: skulder
    • → Gutnish: skuldre, skuldrå
• Old Dutch: *sculdero
  • Middle Dutch: schoudere
    • Dutch: schouder
    • Limburgish: sjouwer
• Old High German: scultera, scultra
  • Middle High German: schulter, schulder
    • Central Franconian: Scholder
    • Bavarian: Schuiter, Schulter
    • German: Schulter
    • Luxembourgish: Schëller
    • → Esperanto: ŝultro