Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yïp

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Connected with Proto-Mongolic *jexeg (“thin thread”) by EDAL, however the Mongolian is likely a borrowing from Proto-Turkic *yïpak (“silk”).

Noun

*yïp

1. string, cord, rope, line, thick strands of other cordage that are twisted together

Derived terms

• ⇒ *yïp-āk (“silk”)
• ⇒ *yïp-la- (“to pluck hair with a string”)
  • ⇒ *yïp-la-ĺč- (“to pluck eachother's hair with a string”)
  • ⇒ *yïp-la-t- (“to make pluck eachother's hair with a string”)

Declension

Declension of *yïp

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*yïp
Accusative	*yïpïg, *yïpnï1)
Genitive	*yïpnïŋ
Dative	*yïpka
Locative	*yïpda
Ablative	*yïpdan
Allative	*yïpgaru
Instrumental 2)	*yïpïn
Equative 2)	*yïpča
Similative 2)	*yïplayu
Comitative 2)	*yïplïgu

¹⁾ Originally only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: ҫип (śip)
  • →⇒ Hungarian: gyeplő
• Common Turkic: *yïp

• Arghu:
  • Khalaj: yîp
• Oghuz:
  • West Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish: اِیپْ (ip)
      • Azerbaijani: ip
      • Gagauz: ip
      • Ottoman Turkish: ایپ (ip)
        • Turkish: ip
  • Oghuz-Uyghur:
    • Salar: yip
  • East Oghuz:
    • Turkmen: ýüp
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: [script needed] (yıp)
    • Chagatai: [script needed] (yip)
      • Uyghur: [script needed] (ip)
      • Uzbek: ip
• Kipchak: [script needed] (yip)
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: еп (yep)
    • Tatar: җеп (cep)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Crimean Tatar: cip
    • Karachay-Balkar: гъиб (ğib)
    • Karaim: йип
  • South Kipchak:
    • Karakalpak: jip
    • Kazakh: жіп (jıp)
  • East Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: жип (jip)
    • Southern Altai: јип (ǰip)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic:
    • Old Uyghur: yyb (yïp)
      • Western Yugur: jip
  • North Siberian:
    • Yakut: сип (sip)
  • South Siberian:
    • Yeniseian Turkic:
      • Khakas: чiп (çip)
      • Shor: чип

References

• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “yıp”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 870
• al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943
• Sevortjan, E. V., Levitskaja, L. S. (1989) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Nauka, page 28
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ip”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 204
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*jɨp / *jip”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎^[1], Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill