Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kul

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Noun

*kul

1. (Common Turkic) slave, servant

Declension

Declension of *kul (Common Turkic)

	singular	plural 2)
nominative	*kul	*kullar
accusative
genitive	*kulnïŋ	*kullarnïŋ
dative	*kulka	*kullarka
locative	*kulda	*kullarda
ablative	*kuldan	*kullardan
instrumental 1)		*kullarïn
equative 1)	*kulča	*kullarča

¹⁾ The original instrumental and equative cases have fallen into disuse in many Common Turkic languages.
²⁾ This plural suffix is used only on Common Turkic, and not in Oghur. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

• Oghuz:
  • Old Anatolian Turkish: قل
    • Azerbaijani: qul
    • Ottoman Turkish: قول
      • Turkish: kul
  • Turkmen: gul
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: قُلْ (qul, “slave”)
    • Uzbek: qul
    • Uyghur: قۇل (qul)
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: ҡол (qol)
    • Tatar: кол (qol)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Crimean Tatar: qul
    • Karachay-Balkar: къул (qul)
    • Kumyk: къул (qul)
  • Kipchak-Nogai
    • Kazakh: құл (qūl)
  • Kyrgyz–Kipchak
    • Kyrgyz: кул (kul)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic: 𐰴𐰆𐰞 (qul, “slave”)
  • North Siberian:
    • Dolgan: кулут
    • Yakut: кулут (kulut)
  • South Siberian:
    • Yenisei:
      • Khakas: хул (xul)