Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kōń

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology 1

Relation to Armenian խոյ (xoy, “ram”) is uncertain and possible loaning both ways have been discussed with no consensus reached.^[1]

Some sources consider Oghuz forms to include a supposed diminutive suffix *-un,^[1]^[2] however such a suffix does not exist^[3] and it instead appears to be a developement from *-ń-, compare etymology 2, *bẹńi (“brain”), *köń- (“to burn”), *tuńak (“hoof”) and *kańak (“cream”).

Noun

*kōń

(Common Turkic) sheep
Synonym: *sarïk

Descendants

Arghu: قُونْ (kōn)
- Khalaj: qôn
Proto-Oghuz: *koyn
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Ajem-Turkic:
    - Azerbaijani: qoyun
    - Qashqai: [script needed] (goyin)
    - Turkmeneli Turkish/Turcoman: [Term?] (ḳoyṷn)
  - Ottoman Turkish: قویون (koyun)
    - Balkan Gagauz Turkish: [Term?] (koyun?)
    - Gagauz: koyun
    - Turkish: koyun
    - → Crimean Tatar: qoyun
- Salar: goy, goy yılı (affected or borrowed from Old Uyghur)
- Turkmen: goýun
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: قُوىْ (kōy, “sheep”), قُوݧُغ (kōńug, “sheep (accusative)”)^[4]
  - Chagatai:
    - Uyghur: قوي (qoy)
    - Uzbek: qo’y
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: ҡуй (quy)
  - Tatar: куй (quy)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: qoy
  - Kumyk: къой (qoy)
  - Karachay-Balkar: къой (qoy)
  - Karaim: кой, къой
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Karakalpak: qoy
    - Kazakh: қой (qoi)
    - Nogai: кой (koy)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Southern Altai: кой (koy)
    - Kyrgyz: кой (koy)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐰸𐰆𐰪 (koń)
  - Old Uyghur: [script needed] (koy, koń, koyın)
    - Old Uyghur: 𐰴𐰆𐰪 (koń) (Irk Bitig)
    - Western Yugur: [script needed] (qoy)
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan:
    - Tofa: һой
    - Tuvan: хой (xoy)
  - Yenisei:
    - Khakas: хой (xoy)
    - Shor: қой (qoy)
→ Proto-Mongolic: *konïn (“sheep”)^[5]^[6]
- → Proto-Tungusic: *konin (“sheep”)^[7]
  - ⇒ Proto-Tungusic: *koniska (“sheepskin”)^[7]

Etymology 2

Noun

*kōń

(anatomy) bosom

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: хӳ (hü)
Common Turkic:

Arghu:
- Khalaj: qôn
Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: qoyun
  - Ottoman Turkish: قوین (koyun)
    - Gagauz: koynu
    - Turkish: koyun, koy (“cove”)
- Salar: goynu
- Turkmen: goýun
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: قُوىْ (kōy, “bosom”)
  - Chagatai:
    - Uyghur: قويۇن (qoyun)
    - Uzbek: qo’yin
Kipchak:
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: ҡуйын (quyın)
  - Tatar: ҡуйын
- South Kipchak:
  - Caspian:
    - Kazakh: қойын (qoiyn)
  - Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
    - Kyrgyz: койын (koyın)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic:
  - Old Uyghur: [script needed] (koy), [script needed] (koyun)
- North Siberian:
  - Yakut: хоой (qooy)
  - South Siberian:
    - Sayan:
      - Tuvan: хой (xoy)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Eren, Hasan (1999) “koyun”, in Türk Dilinin Etimolojik Sözlüğü [Etymological Dictionary of the Turkish Language] (in Turkish), Ankara: Bizim Büro Basım Evi, pages 254-255
^ Besli, Ertan (2010) Eski ve Orta Türkçe Hayvan İsimlerinin Etimolojisi (Thesis)‎^[1] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Istanbul University, pages 206-208
^ Erdal, Marcel (1991) Old Turkic Word Formation‎^[2], volume I, Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN
^ al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume I, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 31
^ Sanžejev, G. D., Orlovskaja, M. N., Ševernina, Z. V. (2015–) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ mongolʹskix jazykov: v 3 t. [Etymological dictionary of Mongolic languages: in 3 vols.] (in Russian), Moscow: Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 54
^ Nugteren, Hans (2011) Mongolic phonology and the Qinghai-Gansu languages (dissertation)‎^[3], Utrecht: LOT, page 419
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 Cincius, V. I. (1977) Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume II, Leningrad: Nauka, pages 409-410

“sheep” in Turkic Database.[4]
Clauson, Gerard (1972) “ko:ñ”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page ko:ñ of 631
“Bilge Kaghan Inscription” in Turkbitig.[5]
Durukoğlu, Gökçen. (2021). Kaşgarlı'da /ny/ Sesi. Uluslararası Türk Lehçe Araştırmaları Dergisi (TÜRKLAD). [6]
Doerfer, Gerhard (1967) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission)‎^[7] (in German), volume III, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, pages 563-565

[eren-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Eren, Hasan (1999) “koyun”, in Türk Dilinin Etimolojik Sözlüğü [Etymological Dictionary of the Turkish Language] (in Turkish), Ankara: Bizim Büro Basım Evi, pages 254-255

[2] Besli, Ertan (2010) Eski ve Orta Türkçe Hayvan İsimlerinin Etimolojisi (Thesis)‎^[1] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Istanbul University, pages 206-208

[3] Erdal, Marcel (1991) Old Turkic Word Formation‎^[2], volume I, Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN

[4] -Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume I, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, page 31

[5] Sanžejev, G. D., Orlovskaja, M. N., Ševernina, Z. V. (2015–) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ mongolʹskix jazykov: v 3 t. [Etymological dictionary of Mongolic languages: in 3 vols.] (in Russian), Moscow: Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 54

[6] Nugteren, Hans (2011) Mongolic phonology and the Qinghai-Gansu languages (dissertation)‎^[3], Utrecht: LOT, page 419

[tung-7] 7.0 ^7.1 Cincius, V. I. (1977) Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume II, Leningrad: Nauka, pages 409-410

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