Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-siŕ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

preceding vowel
A / Ï	E / I	O / U	Ö / Ü
*-sïŕ	*-siŕ	*-suŕ	*-süŕ

Etymology

Comparable to Proto-Mongolic *-ser (“-less”).

Suffix

*-siŕ

1. Used to form adjectives or nouns denoting the non-possession of a thing or quality; -less

   ‎*kǖč (“power”) + ‎*-siŕ → ‎*kǖčsüŕ (“powerless”)

   Antonym: *-lig

Derived terms

Proto-Turkic terms suffixed with *-siŕ

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: -сӗр (-sĕr), -сӑр (-săr)
• Common Turkic:

• Arghu:
  • Khalaj: -siz
• Oghuz:
  • West Oghuz:
    • Old Anatolian Turkish: ـسز (-siz)
      • Azerbaijani: -siz
      • Ottoman Turkish: ـسز (-siz)
        • Turkish: -siz
        • Gagauz: -siz
  • East Oghuz:
    • Turkmen: -siz
    • Salar: -siz
• Karluk:
  • Karakhanid: -سىز
    • Chagatai:
      • Uyghur: -سىز (-siz)
      • Uzbek: -siz
• Kipchak:
  • North Kipchak:
    • Bashkir: -һеҙ (-heź)
    • Tatar: -сез (-sez)
  • West Kipchak:
    • Crimean Tatar: -siz
      • Urum: -сиэ (-siz)
    • Kumyk: -сиз (-siz)
    • Karachay-Balkar: -сиз (-siz)
  • South Kipchak:
    • Kazakh: -сіз (-sız)
    • Karakalpak: -siz
    • Nogai: -сиз (-siz)
  • East Kipchak:
    • Kyrgyz: -сиз (-siz), -сыз (-sız), -суз (-suz), -сүз (-süz)
    • Southern Altai: -сиз (-siz)
• Siberian:
  • Old Turkic: 𐰾𐰔 (-siz, -süz)
    • Old Uyghur: -𐽻𐽶𐽴 (-siz, -sïz)
  • South Siberian:
    • Sayan:
      • Tuvan: -сиз (-siz)

References

• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “+sIz”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Tekin, Talât (1968) “+sXz”, in A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic (Uralic and Altaic Series; 69), Bloomington: Indiana University, →ISBN, page 149
• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page xlii
• Poppe, Nicholas (1974) “-sar/-ser”, in Grammar of Written Mongolian, Harrassowitz, page 44