Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ẹk(k)iŕ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *ẹk(k)i (“two”) +‎ *-ŕ.

Noun

*ẹk(k)iŕ

1. twin

Declension

Declension of *ẹk(k)iŕ

	singular 3)
nominative	*ẹk(k)iŕ
accusative	*ẹk(k)iŕig, *ẹk(k)iŕni1)
genitive	*ẹk(k)iŕniŋ
dative	*ẹk(k)iŕke
locative	*ẹk(k)iŕte
ablative	*ẹk(k)iŕten
allative	*ẹk(k)iŕgerü
instrumental 2)	*ẹk(k)iŕin
equative 2)	*ẹk(k)iŕče
similative 2)	*ẹk(k)iŕleyü
comitative 2)	*ẹk(k)iŕligü

¹⁾ Originally used only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative, and comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality in Proto-Turkic is disputed. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page on Wikibooks.

Descendants

• Oghur:
  • Chuvash: йӗкӗреш (jĕk̬ĕreš)
  • → Hungarian: iker
  • → Proto-Mongolic: *ikire
    • → Mongolian: ихэр (ixer, “twins”)
    • → Yakut: игирэ (igire, “twin”)
• Common Turkic:
  • Proto-Oghuz:
    • West Oghuz:
      • Old Anatolian Turkish:
        • Azerbaijani: əkiz
        • Ottoman Turkish: ایكیز (ikiz)
          • Turkish: ikiz
    • East Oghuz:
      • Turkmen: ekiz
  • Karluk:
    • Karakhanid:
      • Chagatai:
        • Uzbek: egizak
  • Kipchak:
    • North Kipchak:
      • Bashkir: игеҙәк (igeźək)
      • Tatar: игез (igez)
    • West Kipchak:
      • Crimean Tatar: egiz
      • Karachay-Balkar: эгиз (egiz)
      • Kumyk: эгиз (egiz)
    • South Kipchak
      • Kazakh: егіз (egız)
    • East Kipchak:
      • Kyrgyz: эгиз (egiz)
      • Southern Altai: эгис (egis)
  • Siberian:
    • South Siberian:
      • Sayan Turkic:
        • Tuvan: ийис (iyis)
      • Yenisei Turkic:
        • Khakas: ікіс (ìkìs)