Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/āgïl

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

Doerfer suggested a derivation *āg- (“to enclose”) +‎ *-ïl, however such a verb does not exist.

Nişanyan's attempt at connecting it with Ancient Greek αὐλή (aulḗ) is unfounded as it has a PIE etymology.

Noun

*āgïl

1. (agriculture) fold
2. a village, a group of yurts
3. (military) military camp

Declension

Declension of *āgïl

	Singular 3)
Nominative	*āgïl
Accusative	*āgïlïg, *āgïlnï1)
Genitive	*āgïlnïŋ
Dative	*āgïlka
Locative	*āgïlta
Ablative	*āgïltan
Allative	*āgïlgaru
Instrumental 2)	*āgïlïn
Equative 2)	*āgïlča
Similative 2)	*āgïllayu
Comitative 2)	*āgïllïgu

¹⁾ Originally only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Descendants

• Oghur: *aɣïl
  • Chuvash: ял (jal)
    • → Eastern Mari: ял (jal)
  • → Hungarian: ól
• Common Turkic: *āgïl

• Oghuz
  • Old Anatolian Turkish:
    • Azerbaijani: ağıl
    • Ottoman Turkish: آغل (ağıl)
      • Gagauz: aul
      • Turkish: ağıl
      • → Armenian: աղըլ (aġəl)
  • Salar: ağıl
  • Turkmen: agyl
• Karluk
  • Karakhanid: اَغِلْ
    • Chagatai: آغیل
      • Uyghur: ئېغىل (ëghil)
      • Uzbek: ogʻil
• Kipchak
  • North Kipchak
    • Bashkir: ауыл (awıl)
    • Tatar: авыл (awıl)
  • West Kipchak
    • Kumyk: авул (awul)
    • Karachay-Balkar: ауул (auul)
    • Crimean Tatar: avul (Northern)
  • South Kipchak
    • Karakalpak: аўыл
    • Kazakh: ауыл (auyl)
    • Nogai: авыл (avıl)
  • East Kipchak
    • Southern Altai: айыл (ayïl)
    • Kyrgyz: айыл (ayıl)
  • → Russian: аул (aul) (see it for more)
• Siberian
  • Old Turkic: 𐰍𐰞 (aɣïl)
  • North
    • Yakut: ыал (ıal, “home, family, neighbor”)
  • South
    • Shor: аал
    • Khakas: аал (aal)
    • Tofa: аал
    • Tuvan: аал (aal)
• → Proto-Mongolic: *axïl

References

• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 83
• Doerfer, Gerhard (1963–1975) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission)‎^[1] (in German), Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, § 503
• Eren, Hasan (1999) “ağıl”, in Türk Dilinin Etimolojik Sözlüğü [Etymological Dictionary of the Turkish Language] (in Turkish), Ankara: Bizim Büro Basım Evi, page 3
• al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ağıl”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 8
• Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) “авул and ағыл”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Nauka, pages 65 and 82
• Tenišev E. R., editor (1984–2006), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages:] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, page 22