Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/zěnica
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Proto-Slavic
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- *zěnьka, *zěnъka
Etymology
[edit]Substantivized participle **zěnъ + *-ica, from **zěti (“to gape”) (compare *zěvati).
Noun
[edit]*zěnica f
Declension
[edit]Declension of *zěnica (soft a-stem)
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *zěnica | *zěnici | *zěnicę̇ |
genitive | *zěnicę̇ | *zěnicu | *zěnicь |
dative | *zěnici | *zěnicama | *zěnicamъ |
accusative | *zěnicǫ | *zěnici | *zěnicę̇ |
instrumental | *zěnicejǫ, *zěnicǫ** | *zěnicama | *zěnicami |
locative | *zěnici | *zěnicu | *zěnicasъ, *zěnicaxъ* |
vocative | *zěnice | *zěnici | *zěnicę̇ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms
[edit]- *zěvati (“to yawn”) (pres. *zěvajǫ)
- *zijati, *zьjati (“to open (one's mouth), gape, be wide open)”) (pres. *zějǫ)
- *zinǫti (“to open (one's mouth), gape”) (pres. *zinǫ)
Descendants
[edit]- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
[edit]- Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 542
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “зеница”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “зеница”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 324