Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/velťi

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *welk- / *wilk-. Cognate with Lithuanian vil̃kti, 3sg. vel̃ka, 3sg. past vil̃ko and Latvian vìlkt, 1sg. vȩ̀lku. Indo-European background unclear:

Rix (LIV): From Proto-Indo-European *h₂welk-, cognate with Ancient Greek αὖλαξ (aûlax, “furrow”), Homeric ὦλκα (ôlka, “furrow”, acc. sg.).
Derksen: LIV-proposed relationship is doubtful.
Vasmer: From Proto-Indo-European *welk-, cognate with Ancient Greek ἕλκω (hélkō, “to drag”), Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬐- (var^ək-, “to drag”), 𐬟𐬭𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬗𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (frāuuarcaⁱti, “to carry off”), Latin sulcus (“furrow”), Albanian helq, heq (“to pull, to tear off”) < *solkeiō.^[1]

Verb

*velťi

to drag

Inflection

Conjugation of *velťi, *velče, *velčetь (?, -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*velčenьje	*velťi	*velťь	*velklъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*velčenъ	*velkomъ
Active	*velkъ	*velky

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*velk(ox)ъ	*velče	*velče	*velkǫ	*velčeši	*velčetь
Dual	*velk(ox)ově	*velk(e/os)ta	*velk(e/os)te	*velčevě	*velčeta	*velčete
Plural	*velk(ox)omъ	*velk(e/os)te	velkǫ, velkošę	*velčemъ	*velčete	*velkǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*velčaaxъ	*velčaaše	*velčaaše	—	*velci	*velci
Dual	*velčaaxově	*velčaašeta	*velčaašete	*velcěvě	*velcěta	—
Plural	*velčaaxomъ	*velčaašete	*velčaaxǫ	*velcěmъ	*velcěte	—

Aorist *velkeste ⇒ *velčeste, ...

Derived terms

*velkъ (“drag”)
*velkačь (“tug”)
*velčugo (“reptile”) (literally a creature which creeps)
*obelťi (“to dress up”) < *ob- + *velťi
- *obelkъdlo (“clothing”) < *ob- + *velkъ + *-dlo
- *obolka
  - *obolčьka
*povelťi (“to drag up”) < *po- + *velťi
*navelťi (“to put up a cloak”) < *na- + *velťi
*vȏlkъ (“portage? dragnet?”)
*obolkъ (“cloud”) < *ob- + *vȏlkъ
*vōlkà (“pasture? measure of area?”)
*volčiti (“to drag, draw, trail”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: волочи (voloči)
  - Old Ruthenian: волочи (voloči)
    - Belarusian: валачы́ (valačý) (obsolete)
    - Ukrainian: волокти́ (voloktý)
  - Russian: воло́чь (volóčʹ)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: влѣщи (vlěšti)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⰲⰾⱑⱋⰹ (vlěšti)
  - → Russian: влечь (vlečʹ)
- Bulgarian: влека́ (vleká)
- Macedonian: влече (vleče)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ву́ћи
  
  Latin script: vúći
- Slovene: vlẹ́či (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: vléci
  - Czech: vléci, vléct
- Old Polish: wlec
  - Polish: wlec
- Slovak: vliecť
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: wlec
  - Lower Sorbian: wlac, lac

References

^ Alternatively reconstructed as Proto-Albanian *(w)alkja from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wolkéye- from *h₂welk-; see above.

[1] Alternatively reconstructed as Proto-Albanian *(w)alkja from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wolkéye- from *h₂welk-; see above.

[1]