Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tyky

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

A Wanderwort.

• Either related to the word for cucurbits Arabic قِثَّاء (qiṯṯāʔ, “Cucumis”), Old Armenian սեխ (sex, “muskmelon”), Ancient Greek σικύα (sikúa, “bottle gourd”), Ancient Greek σίκυος (síkuos), σικυός (sikuós), σίκυς (síkus, “cucumber”), Latin cucumis (“cucumber”),
• Or to the word for figs Old Armenian թուզ (tʻuz, “fig”), Boeotian Greek τῦκον (tûkon, “fig”), Attic Greek σῦκον (sûkon, “fig”), Latin fīcus (“fig”).

Noun

*tyky f

1. gourd, calabash (Lagenaria siceraria)

Declension

Declension of *tyky (hard v-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*tyky	*tykъvi	*tykъvi
genitive	*tykъve	*tykъvu	*tykъvъ
dative	*tykъvi	*tykъvьma, *tykъvama*	*tykъvьmъ, *tykъvamъ*
accusative	*tykъvь	*tykъvi	*tykъvi
instrumental	*tykъvьjǫ, *tykъvľǫ**	*tykъvьma, *tykъvama*	*tykъvьmi, *tykъvami*
locative	*tykъve	*tykъvu	*tykъvьxъ, *tykъvaxъ*
vocative	*tyky	*tykъvi	*tykъvi

^* -ьmъ/etc. are the original consonant-stem endings, while -amъ/etc. are later Common Slavic endings formed by analogy with a-stems.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: тꙑкꙑ (tyky)
    • Old Ruthenian: ты́ква (týkva), ти́ква (tíkva)
      • Ukrainian: ти́ква (týkva)
    • Russian: ты́ква (týkva) (see there for further descendants)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Glagolitic script: ⱅⱏⰺⰽⱏⰺ (tyky)

    Old Cyrillic script: тꙑкꙑ (tyky)

    • Bulgarian: ти́ква (tíkva)
    • Macedonian: тиква (tikva)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ти̏ква

    Latin script: tȉkva

  • Slovene: tȋkva (tonal orthography)
  • → Hungarian: tök
  • → Romanian: tigvă
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: tykev
  • Polish: tykwa
  • ⇒ Slovak: tekvica

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “тыква”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress