Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/stiťi

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative reconstructions

• *stigti (pre-palatalized form)

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *stéigtei, from Proto-Indo-European *stéygʰeti, from the root *steygʰ-. Cognate with Lithuanian steĩgti (“to organize, to found, to produce, (dialectal) to want, to hurry”), steĩgtis (“to hurry up, to try”), Latvian stèigt (“to hurry”), stèigtiês (“to hurry”). Further akin to Sanskrit स्तिघ्नोति (stighnoti, “to rise”), Ancient Greek στείχω (steíkhō, “to walk, to march”), Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌽 (steigan, “to climb”), Old Irish tíagu (“I go, I walk”), Albanian shteg (“road”).

Verb

*sti̋ťi pf (imperfective *stigati)

1. to attain
2. to catch up with, to reach

Alternative forms

• *stignǫti (with spread ne-conjugation)

Inflection

Conjugation of *stiťi, *stiže, *stižetь (perf., -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*stiženьje	*stiťi	*stiťь	*stiglъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*stiženъ	—
Active	*stigъ	—

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*stig(ox)ъ	*stiže	*stiže	*stigǫ	*stižeši	*stižetь
Dual	*stig(ox)ově	*stig(e/os)ta	*stig(e/os)te	*stiževě	*stižeta	*stižete
Plural	*stig(ox)omъ	*stig(e/os)te	*stigǫ, *stigošę	*stižemъ	*stižete	*stigǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	—	—	—	—	*stidzi	*stidzi
Dual	—	—	—	*stidzěvě	*stidzěta	—
Plural	—	—	—	*stidzěmъ	*stidzěte	—

Notes:
• Aorist *stigeste ⇒ *stižeste, ...
• In perfective verbs, present expresses future

Conjugation of *stiťi, *stignǫ, *stignetь (perf., -n-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*stiženьje	*stiťi	*stiťь	*stignǫlъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*stignovenъ	—
Active	*stignǫvъ	—

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*stignǫxъ	*stignǫ	*stignǫ	*stignǫ	*stigneši	*stignetь
Dual	*stignǫxově	*stignǫsta	*stignǫste	*stignevě	*stigneta	*stignete
Plural	*stignǫxomъ	*stignǫste	*stignǫšę	*stignemъ	*stignete	*stignǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	—	—	—	—	*stigni	*stigni
Dual	—	—	—	*stigněvě	*stigněta	—
Plural	—	—	—	*stigněmъ	*stigněte	—

Notes:
• In perfective verbs, present expresses future

Derived terms

• *dostiťi (“to reach up”) < *do- + *stiťi
• *postiťi (“to accomplish”) < *po- + *stiťi
• *nastiťi (“to catch up”) < *na- + *stiťi
• *zastiťi (“to overtake”) < *za- + *stiťi
• *pristiťi (“to arrive”) < *pri- + *stiťi

Related terms

• *stьdzà, *stьgna (“path”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: *стичи (*stiči) (1399)
    • ⇒ Old East Slavic: *достичи (*dostiči)
    • Russian: -сти́чь (-stíčʹ)
    • Ukrainian: -сти́гти (-stýhty), сти́жити (stýžyty)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: сти́же (stíže, “suffices, comes up”) (dialectal, fossilized 3p. sg.)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: сти̏ћи

    Latin script: stȉći

References

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “-стичь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2006), “стигнути¹”, in Етимологічний словник української мови (in Ukrainian), volume 5 (Р – Т), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 414
• Todorov, T. A., Racheva, M., editors (2010), “стижа”, in Български етимологичен речник (in Bulgarian), volume 7 (слòво – теря̀свам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 457
• “steigti”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė, 2007–2012