Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sъto

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *śímta, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm. The vocalism is highly aberrant; the expected *ę from Proto-Balto-Slavic *im < IE *m̥ is found in *tysęti. The back vowel is sometimes connected with dialectal Lithuanian šum̃tas of dubious antiquity, leaving the lack of nasal unexplained still. Owing to these difficulties, an external source has been sought, perhaps Iranian; higher numerals like ‘hundred’ are frequently borrowed.

Noun

**Proto-Slavic numbers ^(edit)**
		1,000
← 10	← 90	100	200 →	1,000 →
		10
Cardinal: *sъto

*sъ̏to n^[1]^[2]^[3]

hundred

Inflection

Accent paradigm c.

Declension of *sъto (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*sъto	*sъtě	*sъta
genitive	*sъta	*sъtu	*sъtъ
dative	*sъtu	*sъtoma	*sъtomъ
accusative	*sъto	*sъtě	*sъta
instrumental	sъtъmь, sъtomь^*	*sъtoma	*sъty
locative	*sъtě	*sъtu	*sъtěxъ
vocative	*sъto	*sъtě	*sъta

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: съто (sŭto), сто (sto)
  - Belarusian: сто (sto)
  - Russian: сто (sto)
  - Carpathian Rusyn: сто (sto)
  - Ukrainian: сто (sto)
- Old Novgorodian: съто (sŭto), сто (sto)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: съто (sŭto)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⱄⱏⱅⱁ (sŭto)
  - Bulgarian: сто (sto)
- Macedonian: сто (sto)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: сто̑
  
  Latin script: stȏ
- Slovene: stọ̑ (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: sto
  - Czech: sto
- Old Polish: sto
  - Polish: sto
  - Silesian: sto
- Slovak: sto
- Pomeranian:
  - Kashubian: sto
  - Slovincian: stô
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: sto
  - Upper Sorbian: sto

Non-Slavic:
- → Aromanian: sutã (uncertain)
- → Romanian: sută (uncertain)

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*sъto”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 482: “num. (c) ‘hundred’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “sъto”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c hundred (NA 107; PR 138)”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “stọ̑”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*sъ̏to”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*sъto”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 482: “num. (c) ‘hundred’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001) “sъto”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c hundred (NA 107; PR 138)”

[3] Snoj, Marko (2016) “stọ̑”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*sъ̏to”

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