Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sъměti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *sъ- (“good”) +‎ *mě̀ti, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₁-. Cognate with Gothic 𐌼𐍉𐌸𐍃 (mōþs, “courage, wrath”) (gen. 𐌼𐍉𐌳𐌹𐍃 (mōdis)), Old High German muot (“mind, courage, wrath”), German Mut (“courage, mood”), English mood.

Vasmer adds as cognates Ancient Greek μῶμαι (mômai, “to seek, to aspire”), μαίομαι (maíomai, “to seek, to aspire”), μῆνις (mênis, “anger”), Latin mōs (“custom”).
Trubachev further suggests Lithuanian sumdyti (“to move”) (1sg. sùmdau), Welsh chwyfio (“to move”), Old Irish do·seinn (“to hunt”), with semantic development "to seek" > "to desire to achieve" > "to dare".

Verb

*sъmě̀ti impf^[1]^[2]^[3]

to dare

Inflection

Conjugation of *sъměti, *sъmě, *sъmějetь (impf., intr., -V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
—	*sъměti	*sъmětъ	*sъmělъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	—	—
Active	*sъměvъ	*sъměję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sъměxъ	*sъmě	*sъmě	*sъmějǫ	*sъměješi	*sъmějetь
Dual	*sъměxově	*sъměsta	*sъměste	*sъmějevě	*sъmějeta	*sъmějete
Plural	*sъměxomъ	*sъměste	*sъměšę	*sъmějemъ	*sъmějete	*sъmějǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sъměaxъ	*sъměaše	*sъměaše	—	*sъměji	*sъměji
Dual	*sъměaxově	*sъměašeta	*sъměašete	*sъmějivě	*sъmějita	—
Plural	*sъměaxomъ	*sъměašete	*sъměaxǫ	*sъmějimъ	*sъmějite	—

Derived terms

*sъmělъ

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: съмѣти (sŭměti)
  - Belarusian: смець (smjecʹ)
  - Russian: сметь (smetʹ)
  - Ukrainian: смі́ти (smíty)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: съмѣти (sŭměti)
  
  Glagolitic script: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: сме́я (sméja)
- Macedonian: сме́е (smée)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: смје̏ти
  
  Latin script: smjȅti
- Slovene: smẹ́ti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: smieti
  - Czech: smět, smíti (obsolete)
- Old Polish: śmieć
  - Polish: śmieć
- Slovak: smieť
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: směć
  - Lower Sorbian: směś

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*sъmě̀ti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 480: “v. (a) ‘dare’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “sъměti: sъmějǫ sъmějetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a turde; måtte (SA 204; PR 134; MP 27)”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “smẹ́ti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*sъmě̋ti, sed. *sъmě̋jǫ”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*sъmě̀ti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 480: “v. (a) ‘dare’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001) “sъměti: sъmějǫ sъmějetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a turde; måtte (SA 204; PR 134; MP 27)”

[3] Snoj, Marko (2016) “smẹ́ti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*sъmě̋ti, sed. *sъmě̋jǫ”

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