Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sęgati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

• *sę̀dzati

Etymology

From *sęg- +‎ *-ati. See *sęťi for etymology.

Verb

*sę̀gati

1. to reach for, to attain

Inflection

Conjugation of *sęgati, *sęga, *sęžetь (?, -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*sęganьje	*sęgati	*sęgatъ	*sęgalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*sęganъ	*sęžemъ
Active	*sęgavъ	*sęžę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sęgaxъ	*sęga	*sęga	*sęžǫ	*sęžeši	*sęžetь
Dual	*sęgaxově	*sęgasta	*sęgaste	*sęževě	*sęžeta	*sęžete
Plural	*sęgaxomъ	*sęgaste	*sęgašę	*sęžemъ	*sęžete	*sęžǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*sęgaaxъ	*sęgaaše	*sęgaaše	—	*sęži	*sęži
Dual	*sęgaaxově	*sęgaašeta	*sęgaašete	*sęživě	*sęžita	—
Plural	*sęgaaxomъ	*sęgaašete	*sęgaaxǫ	*sęžimъ	*sęžite	—

Related terms

• *sęťi (“to reach for”)
• *sę̄gnǫ̀ti (“to reach for, to attain”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: сяга́ць (sjahácʹ)
  • Russian: сягать (sjagatʹ) (obsolete)
    • ⇒ Russian: посяга́ть (posjagátʹ, “to encroach, to infringe”)
  • Ukrainian: сяга́ти (sjaháty)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: се́гам (ségam) (obsolete)
    • ⇒ Bulgarian: пося̀гам (posjàgam), дося̀гам (dosjàgam), прися̀гам (prisjàgam)
  • Macedonian: сега (sega, “to reach”)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: се̏зати (“to reach, to attain”), 1sg. се̏же̄м

    Latin: sȅzati (“to reach, to attain”), 1sg. sȅžēm

  • Slovene: sẹ́zati (“to reach for”) (tonal orthography), 1sg. sẹ́zam (tonal orthography); sẹ́gati (“to reach for”) (tonal orthography), 1sg. sẹ́gam (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: sahati (“to touch, to reach for”), 1sg. sahu, 2sg. sěžeš
    • Czech: sahat (“to touch, to reach for”)
  • Kashubian: sëgac
  • Polish: sięgać (“to reach for, to reach”)
  • Silesian: siōngać
  • Slovak: siahať (“to reach for”)
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: sahać
    • Lower Sorbian: segaś

References

• Derksen, Rick (2008) “*sę̀dzati; *sę̀gati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 449
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “сяга́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress