Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pyrь
Proto-Slavic
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Most likely a substantive i-stem derivative from the direct-case stem of Proto-Indo-European *péh₂wr̥ (“bonfire”), cognate with Old Prussian panno (“fire”) (derived from the oblique-case stem). Further origin is disputed. Commonly proposed etymologies include:
- From *paw- (“to strike”), whence Proto-Slavic *pyti (“to discern”), *pytati (“to examine, to request clarification”).
- From *puH- (“to rot”), whence Lithuanian pū́ti (“to rotten”), Latvian pũt (“to rotten”).
- From *pewH- (“to cleanse, to purify”), whence Latin pūrus (“pure”), pius (“devout”).
All of these roots may ultimately be w-extensions of Proto-Indo-European *(s)peh₂- (“to lash, to thrash, to wrench”) (reflected by Ancient Greek σπᾰ́ω (spáō, “to draw, to pluck”), etc.). Perhaps, from there is semi-onomatopoeic Proto-Slavic *patъ (“thump, smack”), *patati (“to bang”).
Noun
[edit]*py̑rь m[1]
- remains of fire, smoldering ash, cinder
- (by extension) lye, product of combustion
Declension
[edit]singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *py̑rь | *py̑ri | *py̑rьjē, *py̑řē* |
genitive | *pyrí | *pyrьjù, *pyřu* | *pyrь̀jь |
dative | *py̑ri | *pyrьmà | *py̑rьmъ |
accusative | *py̑rь | *py̑ri | *py̑ri |
instrumental | *py̑rьmь | *pyrьmà | *pyrьmì |
locative | *pyrí | *pyrьjù, *pyřu* | *py̑rьxъ |
vocative | *pyri | *py̑ri | *py̑rьjē, *py̑řē* |
Derived terms
[edit]- *pyriti (“to combust, to melt, to fan a fire”)
- >? *pyrovati (“to ferment”)
- *pyrьjь (substantivized noun)
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
[edit]- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пуры́нь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “пы́рей”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
References
[edit]- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “perẹ́ti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “pslovan. *pyrъ̏”
Etymology 2
[edit]Per Trubačev, probably resultant from an alternative semantic development of Etymology 1 stemming back from Proto-Indo-European times. As a reason, he gives the circumstance that spelt needed to be treated thermally in order to be used. Similar semantic duality is observed in Old English fȳr (“fire”) and fyrs (“furze”). For further details, see the o-stem variant *pyrъ.
Possibly akin (via ter-stem) to Proto-Balto-Slavic *putrāˀ (“ground corn, cereal”) (whence Latvian putra (“porridge”)) from one of the above mentioned roots.
Noun
[edit]*pỳrь m
- Alternative form of *pyrъ: couch grass
Declension
[edit]singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | *pyrь | *pỳri | *pỳrьjē, *pỳřē* |
genitive | *pỳrī | *pỳrьju, *pỳřu* | *pỳrьjь, *pỳrī* |
dative | *pỳri | *pỳrьma | *pỳrьmъ |
accusative | *pyrь | *pỳri | *pỳri |
instrumental | *pỳrьmь | *pỳrьma | *pỳrьmī |
locative | *pỳrī | *pỳrьju, *pỳřu* | *pỳrьxъ |
vocative | *pyri | *pỳri | *pỳrьjē, *pỳřē* |
Derived terms
[edit]- *pyrьjь (“id.”)
Descendants
[edit]- West Slavic:
Further reading
[edit]- Трубачёв, Олег Николаевич (a. 2002) Этногенез и культура древнейших славян (in Russian), Moscow: Наука, published 2003, →ISBN, pages 232–233, noting the identity of the meanings “fire remnants” and “spelt”.
- Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic lemmas
- Proto-Slavic nouns
- Proto-Slavic masculine nouns
- sla-pro:Combustion
- Proto-Slavic i-stem nouns
- Proto-Slavic masculine i-stem nouns
- Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm c
- Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a