Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/otъverti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *otъ- +‎ *verti. Akin to Lithuanian atverti, Latvian atvērt.

Verb

*otъvèrti

1. to open

Inflection

Conjugation of *otъverti, *otъver, *otъvьretь (?, -C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*otъvьrtьje	*otъverti	*otъvertъ	*otъvьrlъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*otъvьrtъ	*otъvьromъ
Active	*otъvьrъ	*otъvьry

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*otъverxъ	*otъver	*otъver	*otъvьrǫ	*otъvьreši	*otъvьretь
Dual	*otъverxově	*otъversta	*otъverste	*otъvьrevě	*otъvьreta	*otъvьrete
Plural	*otъverxomъ	*otъverste	*otъveršę	*otъvьremъ	*otъvьrete	*otъvьrǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*otъvьrěaxъ	*otъvьrěaše	*otъvьrěaše	—	*otъvьri	*otъvьri
Dual	*otъvьrěaxově	*otъvьrěašeta	*otъvьrěašete	*otъvьrěvě	*otъvьrěta	—
Plural	*otъvьrěaxomъ	*otъvьrěašete	*otъvьrěaxǫ	*otъvьrěmъ	*otъvьrěte	—

Notes:
• (*)*otъvьrenъ is doublet of past passive participle

Alternative forms

• *otverti

Related terms

• *obora (“string, twine”)
• *obòra, *obòrъ (“enclosure”)
• *otъvorìti (“to open”)
• *proverti (“to stick through”)
• *zaverti (“to close, to enclose”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Russian: отвере́ть (otverétʹ) (dialectal)
• South Slavic:
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ода̀вријети (Vuk's dictionary)

    Latin: odàvrijeti (Vuk's dictionary)

  • Slovene: odvrẹ́ti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: otevřieti
    • Czech: otevřít
  • Old Polish: odewrzeć, otewrzeć
    • Polish: odewrzeć (dialectal), otworzyć (suppletive participles and past tense forms only)
  • Slovincian: vɵ̀tevřėc
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: wotewrić
    • Lower Sorbian: wótewrěś (archaic)

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “отвори́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Zhuravlyov, A. F., editor (2014), “*otъverti, *otъvьrǫ (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 39 (*otъtęti – *ozgǫba), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 68