Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/męsti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *menstei, from Proto-Indo-European *menth₂- (given as *mentH- in Derksen). Baltic cognates include Lithuanian mę̃sti (“to mix”) (3sg. meñčia). Other Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit मन्थति (mánthati, “to whirl, to rub”) (also मथ्नाति (mathnā́ti), मथति (máthati)), मन्थयति (manthayati, “to shake, to stir”) (also मथयति (mathayati)), Tocharian A mäntācär (“you are injured”, 2pl.), Tocharian B mintanaṃ (“to mix (clay with water)”). Per Vasmer, also cognate with Latin mamphur (“part of a lathe”) (an apparent borrowing from unattested Oscan *manfar), Vulgar Latin *mandar (the unattested ancestor of French mandrin (“mandrel”), which has added the Latin ending -īnus), Old Norse mǫndull (“handmill lever”); but all of these require a Proto-Indo-European root *mendʰ-.

Verb

*męstì^[1]^[2]

to stir, to make turbid
to trouble, to enervate

Inflection

Conjugation of *męsti, *męte, *mętetь (?, -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*mętenьje	*męsti	*męstъ	*mętlъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*mętenъ	*mętomъ
Active	*mętъ	*męty

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*męt(ox)ъ	*męte	*męte	*mętǫ	*męteši	*mętetь
Dual	*męt(ox)ově	*męt(e/os)ta	*męt(e/os)te	*mętevě	*męteta	*mętete
Plural	*męt(ox)omъ	*męt(e/os)te	mętǫ, mętošę	*mętemъ	*mętete	*mętǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*mętěaxъ	*mętěaše	*mętěaše	—	*męti	*męti
Dual	*mętěaxově	*mętěašeta	*mętěašete	*mętěvě	*mętěta	—
Plural	*mętěaxomъ	*mętěašete	*mętěaxǫ	*mętěmъ	*mętěte	—

Related terms

*mǫtiti (“to stir, to trouble”)

Derived terms

*mętežь

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: мꙗсти (mjasti)
  - Russian: мясти́ (mjastí) (obsolete)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: мѧсти (męsti)
  
  Glagolitic: ⰿⱔⱄⱅⰻ (męsti)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ме́сти
  
  Latin script: mésti
- Slovene: mẹ́sti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: miesti
  - Czech: mást
- Slovak: miasť
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: mjasć
  - Lower Sorbian: měsć (archaic)

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*męstì”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 315: “v. ‘stir, trouble’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “męsti: mętǫ mętetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c blande, forvirre (PR 139)”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008) “*męstì”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 315: “v. ‘stir, trouble’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001) “męsti: mętǫ mętetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c blande, forvirre (PR 139)”

[1]

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