Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kriti
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Looking only on the meaning “to purchase” it has been related as follows:
- From Proto-Indo-European *kʷréyh₂t, root aorist of *kʷreyh₂- (“to buy”).[1]
- From Proto-Indo-European *kʷri-n-h₂ (Derksen) or *kʷri-ne (ЭССЯ), from root *kʷreyh₂- (“to buy”)
Seen as cognate with Tocharian B karyor (“buying”). Sanskrit क्रीणाति (krīṇāti, “to buy”) (root क्री (krī), Persian خریدن (xaridan), Old Irish crenaid (“to buy”), Ancient Greek ἐπριάμην (epriámēn, “I bought”). Also Baltic derivatives: Old Lithuanian krienas (“money, pay; pretium pro sponsis”), Latvian kriens (“groom's presents for bride, parents and friends”).
Based on the meaning “to curve” only attested in derived terms one might put it to *(s)ker- (“to turn”).
Verb
[edit]*kriti pf[2]
- to turn, to bend, to twist, to curve
- to make go round, to put into exchange, to cause to circulate
- to buy, to purchase, to obtain by commercial exchange
- Synonym: *kupiti
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of *kriti, *kri, *krьnetь (perf., -V/n-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *kritьje | *kriti | *kritъ | *krilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *kritъ | — |
| Active | *krivъ | — |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *krixъ | *kri | *kri | *krьnǫ | *krьneši | *krьnetь |
| Dual | *krixově | *krista | *kriste | *krьnevě | *krьneta | *krьnete |
| Plural | *krixomъ | *kriste | *krišę | *krьnemъ | *krьnete | *krьnǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | — | — | — | — | *krьni | *krьni |
| Dual | — | — | — | *krьněvě | *krьněta | — |
| Plural | — | — | — | *krьněmъ | *krьněte | — |
- Notes:
- In perfective verbs, present expresses future
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- East Slavic:
Further reading
[edit]- Patri, Sylvain (1994) “Origine et désintégration de la conjugaison de kriti en vieux russe”, in Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics (in French), volume 107, number 2. H., , pages 284–297
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кренуть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1985), “*kriti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 12 (*koulъkъ – *kroma/*kromъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 160
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*krьnǫti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 74
- Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893) “крьнути”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments][1] (in Russian), volume 1 (А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 1341
- Filin, F. P., editor (1981), “кренути”, in Словарь русского языка XI–XVII вв. [Dictionary of the Russian Language: 11ᵗʰ–17ᵗʰ cc.] (in Russian), issue 8 (крада – лящина), Moscow: Nauka, page 29
- Filin, F. P., editor (1981), “крити”, in Словарь русского языка XI–XVII вв. [Dictionary of the Russian Language: 11ᵗʰ–17ᵗʰ cc.] (in Russian), issue 8 (крада – лящина), Moscow: Nauka, page 59
- Zaliznjak A. A. (1984) “Наблюдения над берестяными грамотами, §40-§41”, in Вопросы русского языкознания, volume 5, Moscow: Nauka, pages 114-118
References
[edit]- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*ku̯rei̯h₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 395
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*kriti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 248: “v. ‘buy’”