Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kortъkъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *kõrtъ (“instance, occurence”) +‎ *-ъkъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kártas, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kerd-, *(s)kert- (“short”) + *-kъ. Related to Latin curtus, Proto-Germanic *skurtaz and English curt.

Adjective

*kortъ̀kъ

1. short

Declension

Indefinite declension of *kortъkъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*kortъkъ	*kortъka	*kortъko
genitive	*kortъka	*kortъky	*kortъka
dative	*kortъku	*kortъcě	*kortъku
accusative	*kortъkъ	*kortъkǫ	*kortъko
instrumental	*kortъkomь	*kortъkojǫ	*kortъkomь
locative	*kortъcě	*kortъcě	*kortъcě
vocative	*kortъče	*kortъko	*kortъko
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*kortъka	*kortъcě	*kortъcě
genitive	*kortъku	*kortъku	*kortъku
dative	*kortъkoma	*kortъkama	*kortъkoma
accusative	*kortъka	*kortъcě	*kortъcě
instrumental	*kortъkoma	*kortъkama	*kortъkoma
locative	*kortъku	*kortъku	*kortъku
vocative	*kortъka	*kortъcě	*kortъcě
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*kortъci	*kortъky	*kortъka
genitive	*kortъkъ	*kortъkъ	*kortъkъ
dative	*kortъkomъ	*kortъkamъ	*kortъkomъ
accusative	*kortъky	*kortъky	*kortъka
instrumental	*kortъky	*kortъkami	*kortъky
locative	*kortъcěxъ	*kortъkaxъ	*kortъcěxъ
vocative	*kortъci	*kortъky	*kortъka

Definite declension of *kortъkъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*kortъkъjь	*kortъkaja	*kortъkoje
genitive	*kortъkajego	*kortъkyję̇	*kortъkajego
dative	*kortъkujemu	*kortъcěji	*kortъkujemu
accusative	*kortъkъjь	*kortъkǫjǫ	*kortъkoje
instrumental	*kortъkyjimь	*kortъkǫjǫ	*kortъkyjimь
locative	*kortъcějemь	*kortъcěji	*kortъcějemь
vocative	*kortъkъjь	*kortъkaja	*kortъkoje
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*kortъkaja	*kortъcěji	*kortъcěji
genitive	*kortъkuju	*kortъkuju	*kortъkuju
dative	*kortъkyjima	*kortъkyjima	*kortъkyjima
accusative	*kortъkaja	*kortъcěji	*kortъcěji
instrumental	*kortъkyjima	*kortъkyjima	*kortъkyjima
locative	*kortъkuju	*kortъkuju	*kortъkuju
vocative	*kortъkaja	*kortъcěji	*kortъcěji
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*kortъciji	*kortъkyję̇	*kortъkaja
genitive	*kortъkъjixъ	*kortъkъjixъ	*kortъkъjixъ
dative	*kortъkyjimъ	*kortъkyjimъ	*kortъkyjimъ
accusative	*kortъkyję̇	*kortъkyję̇	*kortъkaja
instrumental	*kortъkyjimi	*kortъkyjimi	*kortъkyjimi
locative	*kortъkyjixъ	*kortъkyjixъ	*kortъkyjixъ
vocative	*kortъciji	*kortъkyję̇	*kortъkaja

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: коротъкъ (korotŭkŭ)
    • Old Ruthenian: коро́ткїй (korótkij)
      • Belarusian: каро́ткі (karótki)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: короткый (korotkŷj)
      • Ukrainian: коро́ткий (korótkyj)
    • Russian: коро́ткий (korótkij)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: кратъкъ (kratŭkŭ)

    Glagolitic script: ⰽⱃⰰⱅⱏⰽⱏ (kratŭkŭ)

    • → Old Ruthenian: кра́ткїй (krátkij)
    • → Russian: кра́ткий (krátkij)
  • Bulgarian: кра́тък (krátǎk)
  • Macedonian: кра́ток (krátok)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: кра̀так

    Latin script: kràtak

  • Slovene: krátək (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: krátký
    • Czech: krátký
  • Old Polish: krótki
    • Polish: krótki
    • Silesian: krōtki
  • Old Slovak: krátky
    • Pannonian Rusyn: кратки (kratki)
    • Slovak: krátky
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: krótczi
    • Slovincian: krótkjy
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: krotki
    • Upper Sorbian: krótki

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “коро́ткий”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress