Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/klęti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Disputed:

• Possibly reanalyzed from a nasal infix present *kl̥-né-h₁-ti ~ *kl̥-n-h₁-énti of Proto-Indo-European *kelh₁- (“to call, to evoke”).
• Alternatively, has been compared with *kloniti (“to lean on”), presumably in reference to the curtsey that people used to give during oath. For similar semantic association, see synonym *prisęga, literally meaning “reaching out”.

Verb

*klęti

1. to swear, to give an oath
2. to curse, to execrate

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

nouns

• *klętьnikъ
• *klętva

adjectives

• *klętъ

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: клясці́ (kljascí)
  • Russian: клясть (kljastʹ)
  • Ukrainian: кля́сти́ (kljástý)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: клѧти (klęti)

    Glagolitic script: ⰽⰾⱔⱅⰻ (klęti)

  • Bulgarian: кълна́ (kǎlná)
  • Macedonian: колне (kolne)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: кле̑ти

    Latin script: klȇti

  • Slovene: kléti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: kléti
    • Czech: klít
  • Polabian: klanĕ (3sg.)
  • Old Polish: kląć
    • Polish: kląć
  • Old Slovak:
    • Pannonian Rusyn: кляц (kljac)
    • Slovak: kliať
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: kleć
    • Lower Sorbian: klěś

References

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1983), “*klęti, *klьnǫ (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 9 (*jьz – *klenьje), Moscow: Nauka, page 37
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “кляну”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “кълна”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 191