Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/grěza
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Not entirely clear. Possibly related to Lithuanian graižùs (“deformed, awry”), grai̇̃žas (“rim”), Latvian greizs (“slant, crooked”).
Some dialectal forms seem to have merged with the descendants of Proto-Slavic *gręzь, *gręza (“sludge, grime, mess”).
Noun
[edit]*grěza f
Alternative forms
[edit]- *grězъ m
Declension
[edit]Declension of *grěza (hard a-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *grěza | *grězě | *grězy |
| genitive | *grězy | *grězu | *grězъ |
| dative | *grězě | *grězama | *grězamъ |
| accusative | *grězǫ | *grězě | *grězy |
| instrumental | *grězojǫ, *grězǫ** | *grězama | *grězami |
| locative | *grězě | *grězu | *grězasъ, *grězaxъ* |
| vocative | *grězo | *grězě | *grězy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
[edit]- *grěziti (“to daydream, to confuse”)
Descendants
[edit]- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- ⇒ Old Church Slavonic: съгрѣза (sŭgrěza, “confusion”)
Further reading
[edit]- Anikin, A. E. (2018) “грёза”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 12 (грак – дбать), Moscow: Nestor-Historia, →ISBN, page 70
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “грёза”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*grěza”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 119
- “graižus”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012