Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gospodь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From earlier *gostьpodь, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gástipatis (“host”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰóstipotis, a compound of *gʰóstis and *pótis. Cognate with Latin hospes.

Noun

*gȍspodь m

1. lord
2. master, overlord, superior

Declension

Declension of *gȍspodь (i-stem, accent paradigm c)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*gȍspodь	*gȍspodi	*gȍspodьjē, *gȍspoďē*
genitive	*gospodí	*gospodьjù, *gospoďu*	*gospodь̀jь
dative	*gȍspodi	*gospodьmà	*gȍspodьmъ
accusative	*gȍspodь	*gȍspodi	*gȍspodi
instrumental	*gȍspodьmь	*gospodьmà	*gospodьmì
locative	*gospodí	*gospodьjù, *gospoďu*	*gȍspodьxъ
vocative	*gospodi	*gȍspodi	*gȍspodьjē, *gȍspoďē*

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

• *gospoďa f (“lady, mistress”)
• *gospoda (“dominion”) (collective)
  • *gospodařь m, *gospodařь f (“sovereign, holder, propertier”)
• *gospodinъ m (“lord, sir”), *gospodyni f (“lady, madam”)
• *gospodьstvo (“supremacy, sovereignty”)
• *gospodьnъ (“Lord's”)

Related terms

• *gostь (“guest”)
  • *gostiteľь (“host”)
• *potьběga (“run-away wife, divorcee”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: господь (gospodĭ)
    • Belarusian: гаспо́дзь (haspódzʹ), го́спад (hóspad)
    • Russian: госпо́дь (gospódʹ)
    • Ukrainian: го́сподь (hóspodʹ), госпо́дь (hospódʹ), го́спідь (hóspidʹ)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: господь (gospodĭ)

    Glagolitic: ⰳⱁⱄⱂⱁⰴⱐ (gospodĭ)

  • Bulgarian: Го́спод (Góspod)
  • Macedonian: Господ (Gospod)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: Го̏спод

    Latin script: Gȍspod

  • Slovene: gospọ̑d (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: hospod, hospodin
    • Czech: Hospodin
  • Polish: gospód (dialectal)
  • ⇒ Old Slovak: hospodin, Hospodin
    • Slovak: Hospodin

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “господь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gospodь/*gospodinъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 61
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “господ”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 267