Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dybati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Uncertain. Probably formed as *dyba (“staff, derrick”) +‎ *-ti from 0-grade of Proto-Indo-European *dwe(m)b- (“top”), akin to Proto-Germanic *tuppijô (“to be atop”).

Alternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewb- (“deep”), related to Proto-Slavic *ďubati (“to peck”), Proto-Germanic *daupijaną (“to immerse”) via uncertain semantic shift.

Verb

*dybati impf

1. to meander, to stagger
2. to stay atop, to stand on back feet (for tetrapod animals)

Inflection

Conjugation of *dybati, *dyba, *dybetь (impf., -a/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*dybanьje	*dybati	*dybatъ	*dybalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*dybanъ	*dybomъ
Active	*dybavъ	*dyby

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*dybaxъ	*dyba	*dyba	*dybǫ	*dybeši	*dybetь
Dual	*dybaxově	*dybasta	*dybaste	*dybevě	*dybeta	*dybete
Plural	*dybaxomъ	*dybaste	*dybašę	*dybemъ	*dybete	*dybǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*dybaaxъ	*dybaaše	*dybaaše	—	*dybi	*dybi
Dual	*dybaaxově	*dybaašeta	*dybaašete	*dyběvě	*dyběta	—
Plural	*dybaaxomъ	*dybaašete	*dybaaxǫ	*dyběmъ	*dyběte	—

Related terms

• *dyba (“staff, derrick”)
• *dъbati (“to look after, to account”) (possibly)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: дꙑбати (dybati)
    • Belarusian: ды́баць (dýbacʹ, “to approach”), дыба́ць (dybácʹ, “to tread”)
    • Russian: ды́бать (dýbatʹ, “to stand insecurely”)
    • Ukrainian: ди́бати (dýbaty, “to joggle, to move in abnormal manner”)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: дибя́ (dibjá)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: дибати

    Latin script: dibati

• West Slavic:
  • Polish: dybać
  • Slovak: dibať
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: dybaś

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dybаti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 197
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дибя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 381