Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/draska

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Related or possibly back-formed from Proto-Slavic *draskati (“to scratch, to scrabble”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *derH- (“to tear”). Possibly, also influenced by Proto-Indo-European *dʰreb- (“to beat, to grind”). Akin to Lithuanian draskýti (“to tear apart”).

Noun

*dràska f

1. notch, scratch
2. wreck

Alternative forms

• *drazga

Declension

Declension of *draska (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*draska	*drascě	*drasky
genitive	*drasky	*drasku	*draskъ
dative	*drascě	*draskama	*draskamъ
accusative	*draskǫ	*drascě	*drasky
instrumental	*draskojǫ, *draskǫ**	*draskama	*draskami
locative	*drascě	*drasku	*draskasъ, *draskaxъ*
vocative	*drasko	*drascě	*drasky

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Related terms

• *derti, *dьrati (“to tear”)
• *drabъ (“stair, spike”)
• *drapati (“to scratch, to scrabble”)
• *drasta (“track, trail, notch”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Russian: дразга (drazga, “freckle”) (possibly)
  • Ukrainian: дра́ска (dráska, “pinch”) (dialectal)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: дра́ска (dráska), dial. дра́зга (drázga)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: дра̏ска

    Latin script: drȁska

  • Slovene: drȃska
• West Slavic:
  • Polish: draska (“friction igniting side part of a matchbox”)

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*draska”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 102
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “драскам”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 421