Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dorgъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *dargás (whence Latvian dārgs, Latgalian duorgs, Old Prussian Darge, Dargel (personal name)), of unclear origin:

• Berneker, Mladenov: Possibly related to Lithuanian derėti (“to suit, to fit”), Latvian derêt (“to comply”) from Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to tear, to slice”) or *dʰer- (“to perform, to make”). Suffix *-gъ perhaps the same as in Proto-Slavic *bolgъ (“gentle, noble”) - *boľьjь (“greater, better”), *dьlgъ (“long”) - *dьľьjь (“longer”).
• Trubachev (ESSJa): From the same root as Proto-Slavic *dьržati (“to hold”) from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer- (“to sustain, to hold”), with original meaning “dearly held, adorn”.

Adjective

*dȏrgъ

1. dear, expensive
2. dear, darling, beloved, precious

Declension

Indefinite declension of *dorgъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*dorgъ	*dorga	*dorgo
genitive	*dorga	*dorgy	*dorga
dative	*dorgu	*dordzě	*dorgu
accusative	*dorgъ	*dorgǫ	*dorgo
instrumental	*dorgomь	*dorgojǫ	*dorgomь
locative	*dordzě	*dordzě	*dordzě
vocative	*dorže	*dorgo	*dorgo
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*dorga	*dordzě	*dordzě
genitive	*dorgu	*dorgu	*dorgu
dative	*dorgoma	*dorgama	*dorgoma
accusative	*dorga	*dordzě	*dordzě
instrumental	*dorgoma	*dorgama	*dorgoma
locative	*dorgu	*dorgu	*dorgu
vocative	*dorga	*dordzě	*dordzě
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*dordzi	*dorgy	*dorga
genitive	*dorgъ	*dorgъ	*dorgъ
dative	*dorgomъ	*dorgamъ	*dorgomъ
accusative	*dorgy	*dorgy	*dorga
instrumental	*dorgy	*dorgami	*dorgy
locative	*dordzěxъ	*dorgaxъ	*dordzěxъ
vocative	*dordzi	*dorgy	*dorga

Definite declension of *dorgъ (hard)

singular	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*dorgъjь	*dorgaja	*dorgoje
genitive	*dorgajego	*dorgyję̇	*dorgajego
dative	*dorgujemu	*dordzěji	*dorgujemu
accusative	*dorgъjь	*dorgǫjǫ	*dorgoje
instrumental	*dorgyjimь	*dorgǫjǫ	*dorgyjimь
locative	*dordzějemь	*dordzěji	*dordzějemь
vocative	*dorgъjь	*dorgaja	*dorgoje
dual	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*dorgaja	*dordzěji	*dordzěji
genitive	*dorguju	*dorguju	*dorguju
dative	*dorgyjima	*dorgyjima	*dorgyjima
accusative	*dorgaja	*dordzěji	*dordzěji
instrumental	*dorgyjima	*dorgyjima	*dorgyjima
locative	*dorguju	*dorguju	*dorguju
vocative	*dorgaja	*dordzěji	*dordzěji
plural	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*dordziji	*dorgyję̇	*dorgaja
genitive	*dorgъjixъ	*dorgъjixъ	*dorgъjixъ
dative	*dorgyjimъ	*dorgyjimъ	*dorgyjimъ
accusative	*dorgyję̇	*dorgyję̇	*dorgaja
instrumental	*dorgyjimi	*dorgyjimi	*dorgyjimi
locative	*dorgyjixъ	*dorgyjixъ	*dorgyjixъ
vocative	*dordziji	*dorgyję̇	*dorgaja

Derived terms

• *Dorgojь, *Dorganъ, *Dorženь, *Dorgoměrъ (personal names)
• *doržiti (“to hold dear, to esteem, to value”)
  • *doržьba (“evaluation, appraisal”)
  • *doržьcь m, *doržica f (“darling, dear one”)
• *dorgovati (“to be in relationship, to consort”)
• *dorgy, *dorgyni (“adoreness”)
  • *dorgъvizna (“dearness”)
• *dorgostь, *dorgota (“dearness, gladness”)
• *dorgocěnьnъ (“highly valued”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: дарагі́ (darahí)
  • Russian: дорого́й (dorogój)
    • Russenorsk: dorgli
  • Ukrainian: дороги́й (dorohýj)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: драгъ (dragŭ)
    • → Russian: драго́й (dragój)
    • → Romanian: drag
    • → Hungarian: drága
  • Bulgarian: драг (drag)
  • Macedonian: драг (drag)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: дра̑г

    Latin script: drȃg

  • Slovene: drȃg (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: drahý
    • Czech: drahý
  • Old Polish: drogi
    • Polish: drogi
    • Silesian: drogi
  • Slovak: drahý
  • Pomeranian:
    • Kashubian: drodżi
    • Slovincian: drôgjy
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: drogi
    • Upper Sorbian: drohi

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дорого́й”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dorgъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 77
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “драг”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 417