Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bľьvati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Perhaps from merging of:

Per Vasmer, Snoj: From *bľuti (“to surge, to gush”) +‎ *-ati, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *bljauˀtei, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰlewH-. Cognate with Lithuanian bliáuti (“to bleat, to weep”), Latvian bļaût (“to bleat”) and further akin to Ancient Greek φλύω (phlúō, “to boil over”), Latin fluō (“flow”). Related terms such as *blyjati, *blyvati can only descend from this source.
Per Trubačev (ESSJa): Specifically for the expressive meaning “to vomit, to puke”, possibly from an earlier *bjьvati, analogous to Proto-Slavic *pľьvati (“to spit”) < *pjьvati. Descendants without epenthetic *-ľ- are attested in dial. Bulgarian бю́вам (bjúvam).

Verb

*bľьvati impf^[1]^[2]^[3]

to gush, to spout (liquid, fume)
(expressive) to vomit, to puke

Inflection

Conjugation of *bľьvati, *bľьva, *bľujetь (impf., -a/V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*bľьvanьje	*bľьvati	*bľьvatъ	*bľьvalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*bľьvanъ	*bľujemъ
Active	*bľьvavъ	*bľuję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*bľьvaxъ	*bľьva	*bľьva	*bľujǫ	*bľuješi	*bľujetь
Dual	*bľьvaxově	*bľьvasta	*bľьvaste	*bľujevě	*bľujeta	*bľujete
Plural	*bľьvaxomъ	*bľьvaste	*bľьvašę	*bľujemъ	*bľujete	*bľujǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*bľьvaaxъ	*bľьvaaše	*bľьvaaše	—	*bľuji	*bľuji
Dual	*bľьvaaxově	*bľьvaašeta	*bľьvaašete	*bľujivě	*bľujita	—
Plural	*bľьvaaxomъ	*bľьvaašete	*bľьvaaxǫ	*bľujimъ	*bľujite	—

Reanalysed at a later stage among some languages as:

Conjugation of *bľьvati, *bľьva, *bľьvajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*bľьvanьje	*bľьvati	*bľьvatъ	*bľьvalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*bľьvanъ	*bľьvajemъ
Active	*bľьvavъ	*bľьvaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*bľьvaxъ	*bľьva	*bľьva	*bľьvajǫ	*bľьvaješi	*bľьvajetь
Dual	*bľьvaxově	*bľьvasta	*bľьvaste	*bľьvajevě	*bľьvajeta	*bľьvajete
Plural	*bľьvaxomъ	*bľьvaste	*bľьvašę	*bľьvajemъ	*bľьvajete	*bľьvajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*bľьvaaxъ	*bľьvaaše	*bľьvaaše	—	*bľьvaji	*bľьvaji
Dual	*bľьvaaxově	*bľьvaašeta	*bľьvaašete	*bľьvajivě	*bľьvajita	—
Plural	*bľьvaaxomъ	*bľьvaašete	*bľьvaaxǫ	*bľьvajimъ	*bľьvajite	—

Related terms

*blyjati, *blyvati (“to spring, to overflow”)
*bľukati (“to gush, to spout”), *bľumati (“to splash”)
*bľuščь (“ivy”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: бльвати (blĭvati)
  - Old Ruthenian:
    - Belarusian: блю́ваць (bljúvacʹ), блява́ць (bljavácʹ)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: бльо́вати (blʹóvaty)
    - Ukrainian: блюва́ти (bljuváty)
  - Russian: блева́ть (blevátʹ)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: бльвати (blĭvati)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⰱⰾⱐⰲⰰⱅⰺ (blĭvati)
- Bulgarian: бъ́лвам (bǎ́lvam)
- Macedonian: блуе (blue)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: бљу̀вати
  
  Latin script: bljùvati
- Slovene: bljuváti, bljeváti
West Slavic:
- Czech: blít
- Polabian: bľåvăt
- Old Polish: bluć
- Slovak: bľuvať
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: bluwaś
  - Upper Sorbian: bluwać

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*bļьvàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 46: “v. ‘vomit’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “bljujǫ bljьvati”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 204, 207, 236; PR 133)”
^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “bljavati”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *bl'ьva̋ti, sed. *bl'ȗjǫ”