Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-enikъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Subclass of the broader suffix *-nikъ, particularly formed on the basis of the past passive participle suffix *-enъ + *-ikъ.
Suffix
[edit]*-enikъ m
- From verbs in i-conjugation, predominantly forms agent nouns.
- *galiti (“to fondle”) + *-enikъ → *gaľenikъ (“darling”)
- *mǫčiti (“to torture”) + *-enikъ → *mǫčenikъ (“martyr”)
- *portiti (“to envoy”) + *-enikъ → *portenikъ (“envoy”)
- *svętiti (“to sanctify”) + *-enikъ → *svęťenikъ (“priest”)
- *učiti (“to teach”) + *-enikъ → *učenikъ (“student”)
- (rare) From action or abstract nouns, forms agent nouns.
- *našьstvьje (“invasion”) + *-enikъ → *našьstvenikъ (“invader”)
- *rodьstvo (“kinship”) + *-enikъ → *rodьstvenikъ (“kinsman”)
Usage notes
[edit]- Moderately productive.
- In many cases, the derivation feels more natural if one applies *-ikъ directly onto the participle (X-enъ → X-enikъ).
Declension
[edit]Declension of *-enikъ (hard o-stem)
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *-enikъ | *-enika | *-enici |
| genitive | *-enika | *-eniku | *-enikъ |
| dative | *-eniku | *-enikoma | *-enikomъ |
| accusative | *-enikъ | *-enika | *-eniky |
| instrumental | *-enikъmь, *-enikomь* | *-enikoma | *-eniky |
| locative | *-enicě | *-eniku | *-enicěxъ |
| vocative | *-eniče | *-enika | *-enici |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.