Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/galiti
Proto-Slavic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Possibly cognate with Proto-Germanic *gōlijaną (“to greet, to soothe”), from an unusual (Narten-type?) ō-grade causative Proto-Indo-European *gʰōl-éye-ti (“to calm, to soothe”). Akin to Proto-Germanic *galaną (“to charm, to gale”), Proto-Germanic *gellaną (“to yell”).
May not reflect a single semantic core. According to ESSJa, some of the meanings may have been influenced by Proto-Slavic *guľati (“to celebrate, to feast”). Other authors draw connection with Proto-Slavic *žalь (“sorrow”), Proto-Slavic *želěti (“to desire”).
A third semantic nuance may come from Proto-Slavic *golъ (“bare, naked”). Compare Sanskrit गालयति (gālayati, “to cause to go off, to liquify”).
Semantically close to Ancient Greek γαλήνος (galḗnos, “calm, serene”), where the late Christian names Old Church Slavonic Галинъ (Galinŭ), Галина (Galina) originate from. Genetic relation, however, is unlikely. The later is probably cognate with Proto-Slavic *želězo (“iron”), Latin galēna (“lead sulphide”).
Verb
[edit]*galiti impf
- to fondle, to caress (South, East Slavic)
- to celebrate, to rejoice (East Slavic)
- Synonym: *guľati
- to shield, to shelter (West Slavic)
- to strip? (rare)
Inflection
[edit]Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*gaľenьje | *galiti | *galitъ | *galilъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *gaľenъ | *galimъ |
Active | *gaľь | *galę |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *galixъ | *gali | *gali | *gaľǫ | *gališi | *galitь |
Dual | *galixově | *galista | *galiste | *galivě | *galita | *galite |
Plural | *galixomъ | *galiste | *gališę | *galimъ | *galite | *galętь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *gaľaaxъ | *gaľaaše | *gaľaaše | — | *gali | *gali |
Dual | *gaľaaxově | *gaľaašeta | *gaľaašete | *galivě | *galita | — |
Plural | *gaľaaxomъ | *gaľaašete | *gaľaaxǫ | *galimъ | *galite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*galivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading
[edit]- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “галить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*galiti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 92
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “галя”, in Български етимологичен речник (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 228
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰel-
- Proto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Proto-Slavic lemmas
- Proto-Slavic verbs
- Proto-Slavic imperfective verbs
- sla-conj with extra parameters/n
- Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i-