Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čerti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?], from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-. Cognate with Lithuanian skìrti, Latvian šķirt, Old Norse skera.

Verb

*čerti

1. to cut, separate
   1. → to peel the bark off trees

Inflection

Conjugation of *čerti, *čer, *čьretь (impf., tr., -C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*čьrtьje	*čerti	*čertъ	*čьrlъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*čьrtъ	*čьromъ
Active	*čьrъ	*čьry

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*čerxъ	*čer	*čer	*čьrǫ	*čьreši	*čьretь
Dual	*čerxově	*čersta	*čerste	*čьrevě	*čьreta	*čьrete
Plural	*čerxomъ	*čerste	*čeršę	*čьremъ	*čьrete	*čьrǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*čьrěaxъ	*čьrěaše	*čьrěaše	—	*čьri	*čьri
Dual	*čьrěaxově	*čьrěašeta	*čьrěašete	*čьrěvě	*čьrěta	—
Plural	*čьrěaxomъ	*čьrěašete	*čьrěaxǫ	*čьrěmъ	*čьrěte	—

Notes:
• (*)*čьrenъ is doublet of past passive participle

Derived terms

(nouns):

• *čertъ m (“reed; swampy forest”)
• *o(b)čertъ m (“reed; swampy forest”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • ⇒ Belarusian: отчерці (ótčjerci), отчерци (ótčjerci) (dialectal)
  • Ukrainian: че́рсти (čérsty), черти (čerty) (dialectal); чери́ти (čerýty) (dialectal, via *čeriti)
• South Slavic:
  • ⇒ Slovene: čę̑r
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: čřieti
    • Czech: čříti (dated)
  • ⇒ Old Polish: czyrślić, czyrchlić
  • Slovak: črieť
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: čerić (via *čeriti)
    • Upper Sorbian: ceriś (via *čeriti)