Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čьrta

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

• Derksen: from *krt.
• Černyx: from *kirt-ā, from Proto-Indo-European root *(s)ker-t-

Compare Sanskrit कृता (kṛtā).

Noun

*čьrtà f

1. line

Inflection

Declension of *čьrtà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*čьrtà	*čь̃rtě	*čьrtỳ
genitive	*čьrtỳ	*čьrtù	*čь̃rtъ
dative	*čьrtě̀	*čьrtàma	*čьrtàmъ
accusative	*čьrtǫ̀	*čь̃rtě	*čьrtỳ
instrumental	*čьrtòjǫ, *čь̃rtǫ**	*čьrtàma	*čьrtàmī
locative	*čьrtě̀	*čьrtù	*čьrtàsъ, *čьrtàxъ*
vocative	*čьrto	*čь̃rtě	*čьrtỳ

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

See also

• *čerslo (“loin”)
• *čersti (“to carve, slash”)
• *čersъ / *čerzъ (“over, through”)
• *čьrkati
• *čьrtъ (“devil, demon”)
• *kortъ (“once, time”)
• *kortъkъ (“short”)
• *kъrtiti (“to peck”)

Derived terms

• *čьrtati
  • *čьrtadlo
• *čьrtiti
  • *čьrtežь

Descendants

• East Slavic: чьрта (čĭrta), чрьта (črĭta), черта (čerta)
  • Belarusian: черта́ (čjertá)
  • Russian: черта́ (čertá)
    • → Polish: czerta
  • Ukrainian: черта́ (čertá)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: чрьта (črĭta)

    Glagolitic: ⱍⱃⱐⱅⰰ (črĭta)

  • Bulgarian: черта́ (čertá), чърта́ (čǎrtá)
  • Macedonian: цр́та (cŕta)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: цр̏та

    Latin script: cȑta

  • Slovene: čŕta (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: črta
  • Slovak: črta

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “черта”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

vol=2 Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “черта”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čьrta”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 161