Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/lapt-

This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

Etymology

Compare Proto-Indo-European *(s)rā́ps.

Noun

*lapt- m

1. turnip, rape

Inflection

Declension of *lapt-

case	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*laptum	*laptāna	plural stem + *-ūna
accusative	*laptam	*laptayna	plural stem + *-īna
genitive	*laptim
possessive forms
1st person	*laptī / *laptVya	—	*laptVni
2nd person m	*laptVka	*laptVkumā / *laptVkumay	*laptVkum(ū)
2nd person f	*laptVki		*laptVkin(ā)
3rd person m	*laptVšu	*laptVšumā / *laptVšumay	*laptVšum(ū)
3rd person f	*laptVša		*laptVšin(ā)

the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *laptuya for nom. case, *laptiya for gen. case, *laptaya for acc. case, etc.

Descendants

• East Semitic:
  • Akkadian: 𒇻𒊬 (laptum, liptum)
• West Semitic:
  • Central Semitic:
    • Arabic: لِفْت (lift)
    • Northwest Semitic:
      • Aramaic:

        Jewish Palestinian Aramaic, Jewish Literary Aramaic, Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: לַפְתָּא (lap̄tā) and לֶפְתָּא (lep̄tā) / לֶיפְתָּא (lep̄tā) and לִפְתָּא (lip̄tā) / לִיפְתָּא (lip̄tā), absolute state לְפֶת (lp̄eṯ)

        • Classical Syriac: ܠܰܦܬܳܐ (lap̄tā) and ܠܶܦܬܳܐ (lep̄tā), absolute state ܠܦܶܬ (lp̄eṯ)
      • Canaanite:
        • Hebrew: לֶפֶת (léfet, lép̄eṯ)
• → Coptic:
  • → Bohairic Coptic: ⲗⲁⲡⲧ (lapt), ⲗⲉⲃⲧ (lebt)
  • → Sahidic Coptic: ⲗⲁⲧⲡ (latp)

Further reading

• “lpt”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–