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Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ḥapr-

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This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Semitic

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Etymology

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Verbal noun of *ḥapar-.

Noun

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*ḥapr- m

  1. digging, digged hole

Inflection

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Declension of *ḥapr-
case singular dual plural
nominative *ḥaprum *ḥaprāna plural stem + *-ūna
accusative *ḥapram *ḥaprayna plural stem + *-īna
genitive *ḥaprim
possessive forms
1st person *ḥaprī / *ḥaprVya *ḥaprVni
2nd person m *ḥaprVka *ḥaprVkumā / *ḥaprVkumay *ḥaprVkum(ū)
2nd person f *ḥaprVki *ḥaprVkin(ā)
3rd person m *ḥaprVšu *ḥaprVšumā / *ḥaprVšumay *ḥaprVšum(ū)
3rd person f *ḥaprVša *ḥaprVšin(ā)

the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ḥapruya for nom. case, *ḥapriya for gen. case, *ḥapraya for acc. case, etc.

Descendants

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  • East Semitic:
    • Akkadian: 𒇥 (uppum, ḫuppum, cavity)
  • West Semitic:
    • Central Semitic:
      • Arabic: حَفْر (ḥafr, digging)
      • Northwest Semitic:
        • Aramaic:
    • Ethiopian Semitic: