Reconstruction:Proto-Japonic/ari

This Proto-Japonic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

This Proto-Japonic entry contains original research. The reconstruction in this entry is based on published research, but the specific form presented here is not found in prior works.

Proto-Japonic

Etymology 1

Alternative reconstructions

• *ami
• *ani

Noun

*ari

1. ant

Descendants

• Old Japanese: 蟻 (ari)
  • Japanese: 蟻 (ari)
• Proto-Ryukyuan: *ari
  • Northern Ryukyuan:
    • Kikai: (< *ani)

      Aden: 蟻 (āī̃) (tone class AB)

      Araki: 蟻 (ani) (tone class AB)

      Kamikatetsu: 蟻 (ai) (tone class AB)

      Nakasato: 蟻 (ani) (tone class AB)

      Onotsu: 蟻 (ānī) (tone class A)

      Sakamine: 蟻 (ānī) (tone class AB)

      Shiomichi: 蟻 (ānī) (tone class AB)

      Shitōke: 蟻 (ānī) (tone class A)

      Wan: 蟻 (ani) (tone class AB)

    • Kunigami:

      Nakijin: 蟻 (ai) (tone class A)

      Oku: 蟻 (ani)

    • Northern Amami Ōshima: (< *ami, *ani)

      Sani: 蟻 (an)

      Yamatohama: 蟻 (ami)

      Yuwan: 蟻 (an)

    • Okinawan: (< *ari, *ariwa)

      Shuri: 蟻 (ai, ayā) (tone class A)

    • Okinoerabu: (< *ani)

      Kamishiro: 蟻 (ani)

      Kunigami: 蟻 (ani) (tone class A)

    • Southern Amami Ōshima: (< *ani)

      Koniya: 蟻 (an)

      Shodon: 蟻 (an, ani) (tone class A)

      Yoro: 蟻 (an)

    • Tokunoshima: (< *ami, *ani)

      Inō: 蟻 (anï)

      Isen: 蟻 (ami)

      San: 蟻 (ami)

    • Yoron: 蟻 (anku) (< *aniko)
  • Southern Ryukyuan:
    • Miyako: (< *ari, *aka-ari, *arigara)

      Bora: 蟻 (akāz, azgara)

      Hirara: 蟻 (āz, akāz)

      Ikema: 蟻 (akai)

      Irabu: 蟻 (ahāz)

      Karimata: 蟻 (hāï)

      Kugai: 蟻 (akāz)

      Kuninaka: 蟻 (akāl)

      Kurima: 蟻 (akal, akaz)

      Minna: 蟻 (akai) (tone class A)

      Ōgami: 蟻 (ffāï) (< *kuro-ari)

      Ōura: 蟻 (hāz)

      Sarahama: 蟻 (akai)

      Sawada: 蟻 (āl, akāl)

      Shimajiri: 蟻 (axaz)

      Tarama: 蟻 (akal) (tone class A)

      Uechi: 蟻 (akāl)

      Uruka: 蟻 (azgara)

      Yonaha: 蟻 (akāz)

    • Yaeyama: (< *ari, *ariwa)

      Hateruma: 蟻 (āri) (tone class A)

      Hatoma: 蟻 (āru)

      Ishigaki: 蟻 (āra) (tone class A)

      Kohama: 蟻 (āra)

      Kuroshima: 蟻 (arï)

      Taketomi: 蟻 (ai)

    • Yonaguni: 蟻 (aya) (< *ariwa) (tone class C)

Etymology 2

Verb

*ari (infinitive *ari, attributive *aru)

1. to exist, to be
2. to have

Descendants

• Old Japanese: 有り (ari)
  • Japanese: 有る (aru)
• Proto-Ryukyuan: *ari
  • Northern Ryukyuan:
    • Kikai: 有い (ai)
    • Kunigami: 有ん (an)
    • Northern Amami Ōshima: 有り (ari)
    • Okinawan: 有ん (an)
    • Okinoerabu: 有ん (an)
    • Southern Amami Ōshima: 有むっ (am)
    • Tokunoshima: 有い (ai)
    • Yoron: 有ゆん (ayun)
  • Southern Ryukyuan:
    • Miyako: 有ーㇲ゙ (āz)
    • Yaeyama: 有ん (an)
    • Yonaguni: 有ん (an)