Reconstruction:Proto-Ryukyuan/ari

This Proto-Ryukyuan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Ryukyuan

Alternative reconstructions

• *ami
• *ani

Etymology 1

From Proto-Japonic *ari (“ant”).

Pronunciation

• Tone class: A

Noun

*ari

2. ant

Descendants

• Northern Ryukyuan:
  • Kikai: (< *ani)

    Aden: 蟻 (āī̃) (tone class AB)

    Araki: 蟻 (ani) (tone class AB)

    Kamikatetsu: 蟻 (ai) (tone class AB)

    Nakasato: 蟻 (ani) (tone class AB)

    Onotsu: 蟻 (ānī) (tone class A)

    Sakamine: 蟻 (ānī) (tone class AB)

    Shiomichi: 蟻 (ānī) (tone class AB)

    Shitōke: 蟻 (ānī) (tone class A)

    Wan: 蟻 (ani) (tone class AB)

  • Kunigami:

    Nakijin: 蟻 (ai) (tone class A)

    Oku: 蟻 (ani)

  • Northern Amami Ōshima: (< *ami, *ani)

    Sani: 蟻 (an)

    Yamatohama: 蟻 (ami)

    Yuwan: 蟻 (an)

  • Okinawan: (< *ari, *ariwa)

    Shuri: 蟻 (ai, ayā) (tone class A)

  • Okinoerabu: (< *ani)

    Kamishiro: 蟻 (ani)

    Kunigami: 蟻 (ani) (tone class A)

  • Southern Amami Ōshima: (< *ani)

    Koniya: 蟻 (an)

    Shodon: 蟻 (an, ani) (tone class A)

    Yoro: 蟻 (an)

  • Tokunoshima: (< *ami, *ani)

    Inō: 蟻 (anï)

    Isen: 蟻 (ami)

    San: 蟻 (ami)

  • Yoron: 蟻 (anku) (< *aniko)
• Southern Ryukyuan:
  • Miyako: (< *ari, *aka-ari, *arigara)

    Bora: 蟻 (akāz, azgara)

    Hirara: 蟻 (āz, akāz)

    Ikema: 蟻 (akai)

    Irabu: 蟻 (ahāz)

    Karimata: 蟻 (hāï)

    Kugai: 蟻 (akāz)

    Kuninaka: 蟻 (akāl)

    Kurima: 蟻 (akal, akaz)

    Minna: 蟻 (akai) (tone class A)

    Ōgami: 蟻 (ffāï) (< *kuro-ari)

    Ōura: 蟻 (hāz)

    Sarahama: 蟻 (akai)

    Sawada: 蟻 (āl, akāl)

    Shimajiri: 蟻 (axaz)

    Tarama: 蟻 (akal) (tone class A)

    Uechi: 蟻 (akāl)

    Uruka: 蟻 (azgara)

    Yonaha: 蟻 (akāz)

  • Yaeyama: (< *ari, *ariwa)

    Hateruma: 蟻 (āri) (tone class A)

    Hatoma: 蟻 (āru)

    Ishigaki: 蟻 (āra) (tone class A)

    Kohama: 蟻 (āra)

    Kuroshima: 蟻 (arï)

    Taketomi: 蟻 (ai)

  • Yonaguni: 蟻 (aya) (< *ariwa) (tone class C)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Japonic *ari (“to be”).

Verb

*ari

2. to exist, to be
4. to have

Descendants

• Northern Ryukyuan:
  • Kikai: 有い (ai)
  • Kunigami: 有ん (an)
  • Northern Amami Ōshima: 有り (ari)
  • Okinawan: 有ん (an)
  • Okinoerabu: 有ん (an)
  • Southern Amami Ōshima: 有むっ (am)
  • Tokunoshima: 有い (ai)
  • Yoron: 有ゆん (ayun)
• Southern Ryukyuan:
  • Miyako: 有ーㇲ゙ (āz)
  • Yaeyama: 有ん (an)
  • Yonaguni: 有ん (an)