Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/pendō
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This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Italic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *(s)pénd-e-ti, from *(s)pend- (“to stretch, pull, draw”).
Verb
[edit]*pendō first-singular present indicative[1]
- to hang, put in a hanging position
Inflection
[edit]| Inflection of *pendō (third conjugation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Present | *pendō | |
| Perfect | *pependai | |
| Aorist | — | |
| Past participle | *penssos | |
| Present indicative | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *pendō | *pendōr |
| 2nd sing. | *pendes | *pendezo |
| 3rd sing. | *pendet | *pendetor |
| 1st plur. | *pendomos | *pendomor |
| 2nd plur. | *pendetes | *pendem(e?)n(ai?) |
| 3rd plur. | *pendont | *pendontor |
| Present subjunctive | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *pendām | *pendār |
| 2nd sing. | *pendās | *pendāzo |
| 3rd sing. | *pendād | *pendātor |
| 1st plur. | *pendāmos | *pendāmor |
| 2nd plur. | *pendātes | *pendām(e?)n(ai?) |
| 3rd plur. | *pendānd | *pendāntor |
| Perfect indicative | Active | |
| 1st sing. | *pependai | |
| 2nd sing. | *pependistai? | |
| 3rd sing. | *pependei | |
| 1st plur. | *pependme? | |
| 2nd plur. | *pepende | |
| 3rd plur. | *pependēri | |
| Aorist indicative | Active | |
| 1st sing. | — | |
| 2nd sing. | — | |
| 3rd sing. | — | |
| 1st plur. | — | |
| 2nd plur. | — | |
| 3rd plur. | — | |
| Present imperative | Active | Passive |
| 2nd sing. | *pende | *pendezo |
| 2nd plur. | *pendete | — |
| Future imperative | Active | |
| 2nd + 3rd sing. | *pendetōd | |
| Participles | Present | Past |
| *pendents | *penssos | |
| Verbal nouns | tu-derivative | s-derivative |
| *penssum | *pendezi | |
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Latin: pendō
- Galician: pender
- Portuguese: pender
- Sicilian: pènniri
- Spanish: pender
- Vulgar Latin: *pendicāre (see there for further descendants)
References
[edit]- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pendō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 457