Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/ȷ́ánHas

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁os.

Noun

*ȷ́ánHas n

race, group of people

Inflection

Athematic
	singular
nominative	*ȷ́ánHas
genitive	*ȷ́ánHasas
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ȷ́ánHas	*ȷ́ánHasiH	*ȷ́ánHasH
vocative	*ȷ́ánHas	*ȷ́ánHasiH	*ȷ́ánHasH
accusative	*ȷ́ánHas	*ȷ́ánHasiH	*ȷ́ánHasH
genitive	*ȷ́ánHasas	*?	*ȷ́ánHasaHam
ablative	*ȷ́ánHasas	*?	*ȷ́ánHasmas
dative	*ȷ́ánHasay	*?	*ȷ́ánHasmas
locative	ȷ́ánHas, ȷ́ánHasi	*?	*ȷ́ánHasu
instrumental	*ȷ́ánHasH	*?	*ȷ́ánHasbʰi

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́ánHas n
- Sanskrit: जनस् (jánas)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵónh₁os.

Noun

*ȷ́ánHas m

Inflection

Thematic
	singular
nominative	*ȷ́ánHas
genitive	*ȷ́ánHasya
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ȷ́ánHas	*ȷ́ánHaH	*ȷ́ánHās
vocative	*ȷ́ánHa	*ȷ́ánHaH	*ȷ́ánHās
accusative	*ȷ́ánHam	*ȷ́ánHaH	*ȷ́ánHans
genitive	*ȷ́ánHasya	*?	*ȷ́ánHām
ablative	*ȷ́ánHāt	*?	*ȷ́ánHamas
dative	*ȷ́ánHāy	*?	*ȷ́ánHamas
locative	*ȷ́ánHay	*?	*ȷ́ánHayšu
instrumental	*ȷ́ánHaH	*?	*ȷ́ánHāš

Descendants

Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́ánHas m
- Sanskrit: जन (jána, noun) (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Iranian: *jánHah
- Younger Avestan: 𐬯𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬋𐬰𐬀𐬥𐬀 (sruuōzana, “of the race of horned animals”)
- Sogdian: [Term?] (/⁠zang⁠/, “race, sort”)
  Manichaean script: [Manichaean needed] (zng)
  
  Syriac script: [Syriac needed] (zng), [Syriac needed] (znk)
- Parthian:
  Manichaean script: 𐫉𐫗𐫃 (zng /⁠zanag⁠/, “kind, sort”)
- Northern Kurdish: -jen (as in bûjen, nûjen)
- Old Persian: 𐏀𐎴 (zanaʰ)
  - Middle Persian:
    Manichaean script: 𐫉𐫗𐫃 (zng /⁠zanag⁠/, “kind, sort”)
- → Old Armenian: -զան (-zan)
→ Proto-Permic: *zɔn
- Komi:
  - Komi-Permyak: зон (zon)
  - Komi-Yazva: зон (zon)
  - Komi-Zyrian: зон (zon)