Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wortéyeti
Appearance
Proto-Indo-European
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From *wert- (“to turn, rotate”) + *-éyeti (causative verbal suffix).
Verb
[edit]*wortéyeti (imperfective)[1]
- to turn (transitive)
Inflection
[edit]Imperfective, thematic | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
3rd singular | *wortéyeti | ||||
3rd plural | *wortéyonti | ||||
Active voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
1st singular | *wortéyoh₂ | *wortéyom | — | *wortéyōh₂ | *wortéyoyh₁m̥ |
2nd singular | *wortéyesi | *wortéyes | *wortéye | *wortéyēsi | *wortéyoys |
3rd singular | *wortéyeti | *wortéyet | *wortéyetu | *wortéyēti | *wortéyoyt |
1st dual | *wortéyowos | *wortéyowe | — | *wortéyōwos | *wortéyoywe |
2nd dual | *wortéyetes | *wortéyetom | *wortéyetom | *wortéyētes | *wortéyoytom |
3rd dual | *wortéyetes | *wortéyetām | *wortéyetām | *wortéyētes | *wortéyoytām |
1st plural | *wortéyomos | *wortéyome | — | *wortéyōmos | *wortéyoyme |
2nd plural | *wortéyete | *wortéyete | *wortéyete | *wortéyēte | *wortéyoyte |
3rd plural | *wortéyonti | *wortéyont | *wortéyontu | *wortéyōnti | *wortéyoyh₁n̥t |
Participle | *wortéyonts | ||||
Middle voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
1st singular | *wortéyoh₂er | *wortéyoh₂e | — | *wortéyōh₂er | *wortéyoyh₂e |
2nd singular | *wortéyeth₂er | *wortéyeth₂e | *wortéyeso | *wortéyēth₂er | *wortéyoyth₂e |
3rd singular | *wortéyetor | *wortéyeto | *? | *wortéyētor | *wortéyoyto, *wortéyoyh₁o |
1st dual | *wortéyowosdʰh₂ | *wortéyowedʰh₂ | — | *wortéyōwosdʰh₂ | *wortéyoywedʰh₂ |
2nd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
3rd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
1st plural | *wortéyomosdʰh₂ | *wortéyomedʰh₂ | — | *wortéyōmosdʰh₂ | *wortéyoymedʰh₂ |
2nd plural | *wortéyedʰh₂we | *wortéyedʰh₂we | *wortéyedʰh₂we | *wortéyēdʰh₂we | *wortéyoydʰh₂we |
3rd plural | *wortéyontor | *wortéyonto | *? | *wortéyōntor | *wortéyoyro |
Participle | *wortéyomnos |
Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *wártīˀtei (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Celtic: *wortīti[2]
- ⇒ Old Irish: do·fortai (see there for further descendants)
- ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *frawardijaną (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wartáyati
- Latin: *opvortet
- Latin: oporteō
References
[edit]- ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
- ^ Le Mair, Esther (2011 September 30) Secondary Verbs in Old Irish: A comparative-historical study of patterns of verbal derivation in the Old Irish Glosses, Galway: National University of Ireland, page 200