Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/péth₂eti
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From *peth₂- (“to fly”).
Verb
[edit]*pét(h₂)eti (imperfective)[1][2][3]
- to fly
Inflection
[edit]| Imperfective, thematic | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd singular | *péth₂eti | ||||
| 3rd plural | *péth₂onti | ||||
| Active voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *péth₂oh₂ | *péth₂om | — | *péth₂ōh₂ | *péth₂oyh₁m̥ |
| 2nd singular | *péth₂esi | *péth₂es | *péth₂e | *péth₂ēsi | *péth₂oys |
| 3rd singular | *péth₂eti | *péth₂et | *péth₂etu | *péth₂ēti | *péth₂oyt |
| 1st dual | *péth₂owos | *péth₂owe | — | *péth₂ōwos | *péth₂oywe |
| 2nd dual | *péth₂etes | *péth₂etom | *péth₂etom | *péth₂ētes | *péth₂oytom |
| 3rd dual | *péth₂etes | *péth₂etām | *péth₂etām | *péth₂ētes | *péth₂oytām |
| 1st plural | *péth₂omos | *péth₂ome | — | *péth₂ōmos | *péth₂oyme |
| 2nd plural | *péth₂ete | *péth₂ete | *péth₂ete | *péth₂ēte | *péth₂oyte |
| 3rd plural | *péth₂onti | *péth₂ont | *péth₂ontu | *péth₂ōnti | *péth₂oyh₁n̥t |
| Participle | *péth₂onts | ||||
| Middle voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *péth₂oh₂er | *péth₂oh₂e | — | *péth₂ōh₂er | *péth₂oyh₂e |
| 2nd singular | *péth₂eth₂er | *péth₂eth₂e | *péth₂eso | *péth₂ēth₂er | *péth₂oyth₂e |
| 3rd singular | *péth₂etor | *péth₂eto | *? | *péth₂ētor | *péth₂oyto, *péth₂oyh₁o |
| 1st dual | *péth₂owosdʰh₂ | *péth₂owedʰh₂ | — | *péth₂ōwosdʰh₂ | *péth₂oywedʰh₂ |
| 2nd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 3rd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 1st plural | *péth₂omosdʰh₂ | *péth₂omedʰh₂ | — | *péth₂ōmosdʰh₂ | *péth₂oymedʰh₂ |
| 2nd plural | *péth₂edʰh₂we | *péth₂edʰh₂we | *péth₂edʰh₂we | *péth₂ēdʰh₂we | *péth₂oydʰh₂we |
| 3rd plural | *péth₂ontor | *péth₂onto | *? | *péth₂ōntor | *péth₂oyro |
| Participle | *péth₂omnos | ||||
Reconstruction notes
[edit]Indo-Iranian casts doubt on the presence of the laryngeal, as Proto-Indo-Iranian *pátʰati (Sanskrit *पथति (páthati), Avestan *𐬞𐬀𐬚𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (*paθaiti)) would be expected.
Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Celtic: *ɸeteti[4][3]
- Proto-Hellenic:
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pátati[2]
- Proto-Italic: *petō[6]
- Latin: petō (see there for further descendants)
References
[edit]- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “peth₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 479
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*pat”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 299-300: “*pet(H₁)-”
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) “-ɸet-elo-”, in Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, page 515: “*pet-”
- ^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “*fet-o-”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 129
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πέτομαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1181
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “petō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 463-464