Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/leb-

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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

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Reconstruction

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The reconstruction is uncertain, and contains the rare PIE phoneme *b. A secondary form *lh₂P- also exists, with a variety of labials standing in for P. Moreover, the Iranian initial l- is irregular. The root therefore probably originates from a substrate language or is onomatopoeic (imitative of e.g. licking, smacking lips).[1]

Root

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*leb-

  1. ? to hang down loosely
  2. lip
  3. to lick

Derived terms

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  • *léb-ti ~ *l̥b-énti (athematic root present)
    • Proto-Anatolian: *lébti
  • *leb-oyé-ti?
  • Unsorted formations:
    • Proto-Germanic: *lepô, *lipjô (lip)
    • Proto-Germanic:
    • Hellenic:
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *lap-
      • Proto-Iranian: *lap-
        • Middle Persian: [script needed] (lab)
          • Persian: لب (lab, lip)
        • Lurish:
          Northern Luri: ڵۋ (łü)
          Bakhtiari: لۋ ()
          Southern Luri: لۋ ()
        • Kurdish:
          Northern Kurdish: lêv (lip), liv (movement, act of moving)
          Central Kurdish: لێو (lêw, lip)
          Southern Kurdish: لێو (lêw, lip)
        • Zazaki: lew (lip)
    • Italic: *l̥b-yóm, *l̥b-róm?

From the root *lh₂P-:

  • *lh₂b- (root present)
  • *lh₂-né-b(ʰ)- ~ *lh₂-m-b(ʰ)- (nasal-infix present)
    • Italic:
  • *lh₂b-el-os
  • Unsorted formations:
    • Albanian: lap (to lick up water)
    • Armenian:
      • Old Armenian: լափեմ (lapʻem, to lap up, lick up; to eat up greedily, devour)
    • Balto-Slavic:
      • Lithuanian: lapènti (to eat greedily)
      • Slavic:
        • East Slavic:
        • South Slavic:
          • Bulgarian: лапам (lapam, to eat greedily)
    • Hellenic:

References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “labium”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 319