Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ksew-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Reanalysed root of *kés-u-s ~ *ks-éw-s, from *kes- (“to scrape, comb”) +‎ *-us.

Root

*ksew- (imperfective)

1. to scrape, shave, sharpen

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ksew- (4 c, 0 e)

• *kséw-ti ~ *ksu-énti (athematic present)
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *skutei (“to shave”) (metathesis)
    • Latvian: skũt, skuvu (1sg.pret.)
    • Lithuanian: skutù, skùsti
• *ksu-yé-ti (*yé-present)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *ksuyō
    • Ancient Greek: ξῡ́ω (xū́ō, “to shave, smooth, scratch”)
• *ksḗw-s-t ~ *kséw-s-n̥t (*s-aorist)
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ξέσαι (xésai)
• *ksow-éye-ti (“to scrape”, éye-causative)
  • Proto-Italic: *(k)sawejō
    • Latin: sauciō (“I wound; I trim”) (see there for further descendants)
• *ksów-no-m
  • Proto-Hellenic: *ksównon
    • Ancient Greek: ξόανον (xóanon)
• *ksow-ó-s (“scraping”)
  • Proto-Italic: *(k)sawos (“wound”)
    • Latin: saucius (< *sawVkio- < *ksow-Vk-) (see there for further descendants)
• *ksu-ró-s
  • Proto-Hellenic: *ksurón
    • Ancient Greek: ξυρόν (xurón)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kšurás (see there for further descendants)
• *ksu-lo-
  • Proto-Hellenic: *ksúlon
    • Ancient Greek: ξύλον (xúlon)
• *ksu-téh₂
  • >? Proto-Celtic: *skutā (with metathesis)
    • Old Irish: scoth (“point, tip, edge”)
      • Middle Irish: scoth
        • Irish: scoth
        • ⇒ Middle Irish: scothaid (“to cut, lop off”)

Extensions

• >? *ksew-d- (“to crush into pieces, disintegrate”)