Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷémt

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Athematic root aorist of *gʷem- (“to step”).

Verb

*gʷémt (perfective)

1. to step, to take a step
2. to arrive

Inflection

Perfective, athematic, active only
3rd singular	*gʷémt
3rd plural	*gʷmént
Active voice	Indicative	Imperative	Subjunctive	Optative
1st singular	*gʷḗm	—	*gʷémoh₂	*gʷm̥yéh₁m̥
2nd singular	*gʷéms	*gʷém, *gʷm̥dʰí	*gʷémesi	*gʷm̥yéh₁s
3rd singular	*gʷémt	*gʷémtu	*gʷémeti	*gʷm̥yéh₁t
1st dual	*gʷm̥wé	—	*gʷémowos	*gʷmih₁wé
2nd dual	*gʷm̥tóm	*gʷm̥tóm	*gʷémetes	*gʷmih₁tóm
3rd dual	*gʷm̥tā́m	*gʷm̥tā́m	*gʷémetes	*gʷmih₁tā́m
1st plural	*gʷm̥mé	—	*gʷémomos	*gʷmih₁mé
2nd plural	*gʷm̥té	*gʷm̥té	*gʷémete	*gʷmih₁té
3rd plural	*gʷmént	*gʷméntu	*gʷémonti	*gʷmih₁ént
Participle	*gʷmónts

Descendants

• Armenian:
  • Old Armenian: եկն (ekn)
• Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gimtei
  • Latvian: dzimt (“be born”)
  • Lithuanian: gimti (“be born”)
• Proto-Germanic: *kwemaną (from aorist subjunctive) (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háǰant
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan:
    • Sanskrit: अगन् (ágan), गमति (gámati, 3sg.aor.subj.act.) (ग् (g) from गच्छति (gácchati))
  • Proto-Iranian: *Háǰant
    • Old Avestan: 𐬘𐬇𐬥 (jə̄n, 3sg.aor.inj.act.), 𐬘𐬀𐬨𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬍 (jamaⁱtī, 3sg.aor.subj.act.)
  • ⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰámaHnaH (med.ptc.f.)
    • Proto-Iranian: *ǰámaHnaH (see there for further descendants)