Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰreh₁d-
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
 |
This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- *ǵʰleh₂d- (found at least in Old Irish ad·gládathar and Ancient Greek κέχλᾱδα (kékhlāda))
Root
[edit]- to sound
Derived terms
[edit]- *ǵʰréh₁d-e-ti (thematic present)[1][2]
- Proto-Germanic: *grētaną (“to weep, cry”) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ʰráHdati
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *źʰráHdati
- Sanskrit: ह्रादते (hrā́date, “to sound, make noise”)
- Proto-Iranian: *jráHdati
- >? Avestan: 𐬰𐬭𐬁𐬛𐬀 (zrāda, “chainmail”)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *źʰráHdati
- *ǵʰroh₁d-éye-ti (causative)[1][2]
- >? Proto-Celtic: *glādītor[3] (deponent)
- ⇒ Old Irish: ad·gládathar (“to address”)
- Proto-Germanic: *grōtijaną (“to cause to weep, scold, address”) (see there for further descendants)
- >? Proto-Celtic: *glādītor[3] (deponent)
- Unsorted formations
- Proto-Hellenic:
- Ancient Greek: κέχλαδα (kékhlada, “to sound, sing aloud”)
- Proto-Tocharian:
- Celtic:
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*ĝʰreh₁d-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 202
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Guus Kroonen (2013) “*grētan-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 187-188: “*ǵʰreh₁d-”
- ^ Gordon, Randall Clark (2012) “-glád-i-ᴅᴇᴘ ‘speak’”, in Derivational Morphology of the Early Irish Verbal Noun, Los Angeles: University of California, 3.1.55., page 216
- ^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “krāt-”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 230
- ^ Kümmel, Martin Joachim (2011–2023) “?*gʰreh₁d- ‘stürzen’”, in Addenda und Corrigenda zu LIV²[2], page 27