Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tradjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *trudaną (“to tread”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtrɑð.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*tradjaną

1. to tread, trample

Inflection

Conjugation of *tradjaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*tradjō	*tradjaų	—	*tradjai	?
2nd singular	*tradisi	*tradjais	*tradi	*tradjasai	*tradjaisau
3rd singular	*tradiþi	*tradjai	*tradjaþau	*tradjaþai	*tradjaiþau
1st dual	*tradjōs	*tradjaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*tradjaþiz	*tradjaiþiz	*tradjaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*tradjamaz	*tradjaim	—	*tradjanþai	*tradjainþau
2nd plural	*tradiþ	*tradjaiþ	*tradiþ	*tradjanþai	*tradjainþau
3rd plural	*tradjanþi	*tradjain	*tradjanþau	*tradjanþai	*tradjainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*tradidǭ	*tradidēdį̄
2nd singular	*tradidēz	*tradidēdīz
3rd singular	*tradidē	*tradidēdī
1st dual	*tradidēdū	*tradidēdīw
2nd dual	*tradidēdudiz	*tradidēdīdiz
1st plural	*tradidēdum	*tradidēdīm
2nd plural	*tradidēdud	*tradidēdīd
3rd plural	*tradidēdun	*tradidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*tradjandz	*tradidaz

Related terms

• *trēdō

Descendants

Note: West Germanic descendants eventually merged this term with descendants of Proto-Germanic *tradjōną.

• Proto-West Germanic: *traddjan
  • Old English: treddan
    • Middle English: tredden
  • Old Saxon: *treddian
    • Middle Low German: tredden
  • Old Dutch: *tredden
    • Middle Dutch: tredden
  • Old High German: tretten
    • Middle High German: tretten
• Old Norse: treðja
  • Icelandic: treðja